Understanding data.frame and other formats

Any software comes with its structure and nuances. The Questionnaire and its component section of Chapter 1, Data Characteristics, introduced various facets of data. In the current section, we will go into the details of how R works with data of different characteristics. Depending on the need, we have different formats of the data. In this section, we will begin with simpler objects and move up the ladder toward some of the more complex ones.

Constants, vectors, and matrices

R has five inbuilt objects that store certain constant values. The five objects are LETTERS, letters, month.abb, month.name, and pi. The first two objects contain the letters A-Z in upper and lower cases. The third and fourth objects have months in their abbreviated form and the complete month names. Finally, the object pi contains the value of the famous irrational number. So here, the exercise for the reader is to find the value of the irrational number e. The details about...