Representing geographic data

Most file formats that contain geographic data are made of a common simple structure consisting of a number of features, each containing a geometry and innumerous named properties.

Here, you can take a look at a sample of the contents of a GeoJSON file. This type of geographic file has the advantage of being human readable, allowing us to see exactly the structure that is being described. You don't need to type this example; just take a good look at it.

Its structure is very similar to a Python dictionary. At the uppermost level, there is FeatureCollection, which contains a list of features. Each feature has a geometry, whose type may vary, and a dictionary of properties that may contain any arbitrary property defined by the user. In brief, it follows exactly the described schema of data representation as shown in the following code:

{"type": "FeatureCollection",
 "features": [
    {"type": "Feature",
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates...