Understanding Proxmox features

Before we dive in, it is necessary to understand why one should choose Proxmox over the other mainstream hypervisors. Proxmox is not perfect, but stands out among other contenders with its hard-to-beat features. The following are some of the features that make Proxmox a real game changer.

It is free!

Yes, Proxmox is free! To be more accurate, Proxmox has several subscription levels, among which the community edition is completely free. One can simply download the Proxmox ISO at no cost and raise a fully functional cluster without missing a single hypervisor feature and without paying anything. The main difference between the paid and community subscription level is that the paid subscription receives updates, which go through additional testing and refinement. In a production cluster with a real workload, it is highly recommended to purchase a subscription from Proxmox or Proxmox resellers.

Built-in firewall

Proxmox VE comes with a robust firewall ready to be configured out of the box. This firewall can be configured to protect the entire Proxmox cluster down to a virtual machine. The per-VM firewall option gives you the ability to configure each VM individually by creating individualized firewall rules, a prominent feature in a multi-tenant virtual environment. We will learn about this feature in detail in Chapter 9, The Proxmox VE Firewall.

Open vSwitch

Licensed under Apache 2.0, Open vSwitch is a virtual switch designed to work in a multi-server virtual environment. All hypervisors need a bridge between VMs and the outside network. Open vSwitch enhances the features of the standard Linux bridge in an ever-changing virtual environment. Proxmox fully supports Open vSwitch which allows you to create an intricate virtual environment, all the while reducing virtual network management overhead. For details on Open vSwitch, refer to http://openvswitch.org/.

We will learn about Open vSwitch management in Proxmox in Chapter 8, Network of Virtual Networks.

The graphical user interface

Proxmox comes with a fully functional graphical user interface (GUI) out of the box. The GUI allows an administrator to manage and configure almost all the aspects of a Proxmox cluster. The GUI has been designed keeping simplicity in mind, with functions and features separated into menus for easier navigation. The following screenshot shows an example of the Proxmox GUI dashboard:

 

We will dissect the Proxmox GUI dashboard in Chapter 2, Creating a Cluster and Exploring the Proxmox GUI.

KVM virtual machines

A Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) is a kernel module that is added to Linux for full virtualization to create isolated, fully independent virtual machines. KVMs are not dependent on the host operating system in any way, but they do require the virtualization feature in BIOS to be enabled. A KVM allows a wide variety of operating systems for virtual machines, such as Linux and Windows. Proxmox provides a very stable environment for KVM-based VMs. We will learn how to create KVM VMs and also how to manage them in Chapter 6, KVM Virtual Machines.

Linux containers, or LXC

Introduced in Proxmox VE 4.0, Linux containers, or LXCs, allow multiple Linux instances on the same Linux host. All the containers are dependent on the host Linux operating system and only Linux flavors can be virtualized as containers. There are no containers for the Windows operating system. LXC replaces prior OpenVZ containers, which were the primary containers in the virtualization method in the previous Proxmox versions. If you are not familiar with LXC or want details on it, refer to https://linuxcontainers.org.

We will learn how to create LXC containers and manage them in Chapter 7, LXC Virtual Machines.

Storage plugins

Out of the box, Proxmox VE supports a variety of storage systems to store virtual disk images, ISO templates, backups, and so on. All plugins are quite stable and work great with Proxmox. Being able to choose different storage systems gives an administrator the flexibility to leverage the existing storage in the network. As of Proxmox VE 5.0, the following storage plugins are supported:

• The local directory mount points
• LVM
• LVM thin
• NFS
• iSCSI
• GlusterFS
• Ceph RADOS Block Devices (RBD)
• ZFS over iSCSI
• ZFS

We will learn the usage of different storage systems and the types of files they can store in detail in Chapter 4, Storage Systems.

Vibrant culture

Proxmox has a growing community of users who are always helping others learn Proxmox and troubleshoot various issues. With so many active users around the world, and through active participation of Proxmox developers, the community has now become a culture of its own. Feature requests are continuously being worked on, and the existing features are being strengthened on a regular basis. With so many users supporting Proxmox, it sure is here to stay.

Visit the following link for the official Proxmox forum: https://forum.proxmox.com.