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Oracle WebLogic Server 12c Advanced Administration Cookbook
Oracle WebLogic Server 12c Advanced Administration Cookbook

Oracle WebLogic Server 12c Advanced Administration Cookbook: If you want to extend your capabilities in administering Oracle WebLogic Server, this is the helping hand you've been looking for. With 70 recipes covering both basic and advanced topics, it will provide a new level of expertise.

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Oracle WebLogic Server 12c Advanced Administration Cookbook

Chapter 2. High Availability with WebLogic Clusters

In this chapter we will cover the following recipes:

  • Creating a WebLogic cluster

  • Defining a Hostname/Alias for the Listen Address value

  • Configuring HA WebLogic cluster parameters

  • Using Unicast for cluster communications

  • Using Multicast for cluster communications

  • Installing Apache HTTP Server for the Web tier

  • Using the Web Server Plug-in to load balance HTTP Requests to WebLogic cluster

  • Defining a network channel for cluster communications

  • Configuring high availability for Administration Server

Introduction


WebLogic clustering is a highly recommended configuration for production environments. The WebLogic cluster provides reliability and high availability by distributing the requests and the load to the WebLogic Server instance members of the cluster.

Using WebLogic cluster also facilitates the administration tasks because WebLogic Server automatically distributes the configuration and deployment changes to all WebLogic Server instances, including the distribution of the deploy file to all machines.

Clustering can also avoid a single point of failure. If a machine crashes, the system can still operate with the WebLogic Manager Servers of the other machines. The architecture can grow and scale horizontally by adding more WebLogic Server instances to the cluster and distributing them to new machines.

Creating a WebLogic cluster


A WebLogic cluster is normally created with the domain using the Configuration Wizard tool. The cluster can also be created and added to an existing domain by using the Administration Console. This recipe will cover adding a new cluster to the existing PROD_DOMAIN domain.

A WebLogic cluster was previously created using Configuration Wizard earlier in this book. The same cluster will be created this time, but with four Manager Server instances instead of two. So remove the original cluster before creating the new cluster.

The new cluster will be called PROD_Cluster with four WebLogic Server instances PROD_Server01, PROD_Server02, PROD_Server03, and PROD_Server04. Machine prod01 will host the instances PROD_Server01 and PROD_Server02 and machine prod02 will host the instances PROD_Server03 and PROD_Server04.

PROD_DOMAIN Topology:

PROD_DOMAIN
 |___ PROD_AdminServer
 |
 |___ PROD_Cluster
     |___ PROD_Server01
     |___ PROD_Server02
     |___ PROD_Server03
     |___...

Defining a Hostname/Alias for the Listen Address value


The WebLogic Managed Server instances of the cluster were created in the previous recipe but a Listen Address value was not assigned to any of it.

The objective of this recipe is to assign a unique hostname or alias as the Listen Address value for each of the Managed Servers instead of assigning the prod01, prod02 hostnames or the IP address.

Getting ready

For the cluster PROD_Cluster the FQDNs: prodsrv01.domain.local, prodsrv02.domain.local, prodsrv03.domain.local, and prodsrv04.domain.localwill be used as the listen addresses. For example, PROD_Server01, PROD_Server02, PROD_Server03, and PROD_Server04, will be used respectively.

From the WebLogic configuration perspective, it doesn't make any difference if the addresses prodsrv01.domain.local, prodsrv02.domain.local, prodsrv03.domain.local, and prodsrv04.domain.local point to the IP addresses of the machines prod01 and prod02 or to Virtual IP addresses (VIP).

How to do it...

To change and...

Configuring HA WebLogic cluster parameters


This recipe will cover other WebLogic cluster adjustments needed for high availability in production. The parameters are Failure Action, Panic Action, Cluster Address, and Number of Servers in Cluster Address for the cluster, and CrashRecoveryEnabled for Node Manager.

Getting ready

To change the Node Manager CrashRecoveryEnabled parameter, edit the configuration $WL_HOME/common/nodemanager/nodemanager.properties file in all machines.

The cluster parameters are changed using the Administration Console or WLST.

How to do it...

To change the Node Manager's parameter:

  1. Log in as a wls user to shell and shutdown Node Manager:

    [wls@prod01]$ ps aux | grep weblogic.NodeManager | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'
    <PID> 
    [wls@prod01]$ kill -9 <PID>
    
  2. Edit nodemanager.properties:

    [wls@prod01]$ vi $WL_HOME/common/nodemanager/nodemanager.properties 
    
  3. Locate the CrashRecoveryEnabled parameter and change the line:

    From:

    CrashRecoveryEnabled=false
    

    To:

    CrashRecoveryEnabled...

Using Unicast for cluster communications


The Oracle WebLogic Server 12c can use either Multicast or Unicast for cluster communications. Since WebLogic version 10, the default cluster communication is the Unicast.

To improve Unicast reliability it's recommended to enable two extra configurations.

Getting ready

The first thing is to add a JVM argument to every WebLogic Managed Server instance of the cluster. The Administration Server must be running to make the changes.

After adding the JVM argument, the config.xml configuration file must be manually edited to make the second change. Therefore you will need to make sure every WebLogic Server instance is down, including the Administration Server.

How to do it...

Add the JVM argument:

  1. Access the Administration Console with your web browser at http://prod01.domain.local:7001/console.

  2. Click on the Lock & Edit button to start a new edit session.

  3. Navigate to Configuration | Server Start by clicking on the WebLogic Server name, then on the Server Start...

Using Multicast for cluster communications


WebLogic can also use Multicast for cluster communications.

When configured for using Multicast, the Managed Servers of the cluster subscribe to a Multicast address and port and listen for heartbeats and cluster messages. Unlike Unicast, Multicast communication uses UDP and broadcasts the message through the network and therefore does not guarantee that the message is received.

Getting ready

To configure Multicast, the Administration Server must be running.

How to do it...

To configure the Multicast communication for the cluster:

  1. Access the Administration Console with your web browser at http://prod01.domain.local:7001/console.

  2. Click on the Lock & Edit button to start a new edit session.

  3. Expand the Environment tree on the left and click on Clusters.

  4. Click on the PROD_Cluster cluster to navigate to Configuration | General and click on the Messaging tab to navigate to Configuration | Messaging.

  5. Change the Messaging Mode drop-down menu to Multicast. Configure...

Installing Apache HTTP Server for the Web tier


This recipe will describe a quick installation of the Apache HTTP Server because a Web tier is needed to illustrate the use of WebLogic Web Server plug-in.

The plug-in is used for load balancing and the failover of HTTP requests to WebLogic Server, and the next recipe will cover its configuration and usage.

Getting ready

This recipe assumes a Web tier with two dedicated Linux x86-64 machines named web01 and web02. Both machines should have Apache HTTP Server 2.2.x running and listening for HTTP requests on port 80. The Apache HTTP Server runs under the shell user webadmin.

Tip

In production, use a minimum of two machines in all tiers to avoid a single point of failure.

Download Apache HTTP Server 2.2.x at http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/install.html#download. Make sure you download the Unix Source and the latest stable version. The filename should be httpd-2.2.xx.tar.gz where the xx stands for the minor version.

Also, verify if the operational system...

Using the Web Server Plug-in to load balance HTTP Requests to WebLogic cluster


The WebLogic cluster itself does not distribute the incoming HTTP requests across the Managed Servers, so the architecture design should foresee a load balance mechanism.

WebLogic can use either an external load balancer appliance/hardware such as the BIG-IP F5 (http://www.f5.com/products/big-ip), a Web Server such as the Apache HTTP Server configured with the WebLogic Web Server plug-in, or the embedded WebLogic HttpClusterServlet configuration.

Load balancing options:

  • External load balancer

  • Web Server with plug-in

  • WebLogic HttpClusterServlet configuration

For production environments, it is recommended to use a mixed architecture that includes an external load balancer and a Web Server with the proxy plug-in. The HTTP requests will be received and distributed by the external load balancer to the Web Servers, and the Web Servers will then proxy the requests through the plug-in across the WebLogic Managed Servers of...

Defining a network channel for cluster communications


When configuring the Listen Address value with a hostname as in the previous recipes, WebLogic Server instances use the specific network interface card (NIC) bound to the hostname's IP address for network traffic. The traffic includes all inbound and outbound requests and the Unicast cluster communications.

In a production environment with high network traffic, it is possible to improve network utilization by adding an additional NIC to be used by the Unicast cluster communications, segregating the application traffic, and the cluster communication traffic.

This recipe will create a new channel named clusterChannel and configure the PROD_Cluster cluster to use it.

Getting ready

This recipe assumes that all machines used by the cluster have two network interface cards. The first NIC is eth0 used by the default WebLogic channel. The second NIC is eth1 and will be used for the new WebLogic network channel.

All the Managed Server instances of...

Configuring high availability for Administration Server


The Administration Server is a single WebLogic Server instance responsible for the configuration and management of the WebLogic domain. By default, the Administration Server runs on the machine that the domain was created.

Unlike WebLogic clustering, WebLogic Server does not provide out of the box high availability options for the Administration Server, if this machine fails.

Note

Thanks to the Managed Servers Independence Mode (MSI) Managed Servers will keep running even if the Administration Server is down.

Managed Servers can also be started by using only Node Manager and WLST or by using the start-up shell scripts without the need of the Administration Server.

This recipe will provide the steps to prepare the environment in case the machine that hosts the Administration Server fails.

Getting ready

By default, the Administration Server binds to all IP addresses of the machine, but sets the prod01 machine as its default hostname.

The first...

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What you will learn

  • Install, create and configure WebLogic Server
  • Configure an Administration Server with high availability
  • Create and configure JDBC data sources, multi data sources and gridlink data sources
  • Tune the multi data source to survive database failures
  • Setup JMS distributed queues
  • Use WLDF to send threshold notifications
  • Configure WebLogic Server for stability and resilience
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Publication date : Jun 18, 2013
Length: 284 pages
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ISBN-13 : 9781849686846
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Table of Contents

8 Chapters
Install, Configure, and Run Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
High Availability with WebLogic Clusters Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Configuring JDBC Resources for High Availability Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Configuring JMS Resources for Clustering and High Availability Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Monitoring WebLogic Server 12c Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Troubleshooting WebLogic Server 12c Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Stability and Performance Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Security Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

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Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon 4.3
(15 Ratings)
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2 star 6.7%
1 star 0%
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Prabhat Dec 08, 2016
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Good
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David Dell Mar 04, 2017
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Lot of informations for a great price and real commandson how to built and administer web logic server cluster!
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RonB Aug 27, 2013
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I read this as a recommended book from one of my consultants. It was neatly written. The book does show you how to do the stuff using WLST which is a great plus. I like the sections of each chapter how they're organized. I've been working as a weblogic administrator for many years now and this book is a good buy. All the topics covered are very essential as part of day to day administration tasks especially troubleshooting and tuning that's covered in chapters 6 and 7. The book also explains the default values Vs recommended values. Overall, I would recommend this book for any WLS administrator.
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Vinod reddy Jul 20, 2016
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HARI DUTT SHARMA Dec 13, 2019
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Useful book
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