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Mastering SVG
Mastering SVG

Mastering SVG: Ace web animations, visualizations, and vector graphics with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript

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Mastering SVG

Getting Started with Authoring SVG

Now that you've dipped your toes in the water of SVG, it is time to take a deeper look at common SVG elements and their usage. This chapter will focus on the most common SVG elements and their usage, covering some that you've already learned about in more depth, and then introducing many other elements that you'll use in creating SVG images.

This chapter will cover the following topics:

  • Basic SVG shapes
  • The SVG positioning system
  • Gradients and patterns
  • Using SVG images generated from software programs, such as Adobe Illustrator, Inkscape, and Sketch

Positioning in SVG

As you saw in Chapter 1, Introducing Scalable Vector Graphics, SVG elements use a coordinate plane positioning system. Elements in an SVG document are located using x and y coordinates. This should be familiar to you from your geometry class or, more specifically to the web, if you're used to working with CSS, absolutely positioned elements. The following code shows two variations on the positioning scheme that you've already seen with both a circle element, which uses (cx, center x), and (cy, center y), attributes to place the circle element based on the center of the circle and the rect element, which will use the x and y attributes to place the upper left-hand corner of the square on the coordinate plane:

     <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="350" height="150"
viewBox="0 0...

Introducing paths

By far the most important element in the SVG specification is the path element. path allows you to draw lines and shapes using vectors defined by a series of commands passed in as values to the d attribute. Remember when I mentioned that one of the biggest roadblocks to SVG adoption was the lack of a friendly API? This path element is likely to be the biggest sore spot in the entire specification. The values you might see in a d attribute can be incredibly dense and difficult to read. How difficult to read? Feast your eyes on the S element from the SVG logo:

<path id="S" d="M 5.482,31.319 C2.163,28.001 0.109,23.419 0.109,18.358 C0.109,8.232 8.322,0.024 18.443,0.024 C28.569,0.024 36.782,8.232 36.782,18.358 L26.042,18.358 C26.042,14.164 22.638,10.765 18.443,10.765 C14.249,10.765 10.850,14.164 10.850,18.358 C10.850,20.453 11.701,22.351 13.070,23...

More on basic shapes

Now that you've learned about path, let's take a look at some more straightforward parts of the SVG universe and let's examine some more basic shapes. You've already learned about circle and rect. Let's take a look at a few more basic shapes.

The line element

The path element allows you to draw anything you can imagine using a long series of instructions. Thankfully, there are many convenient elements that define common shapes that are a lot easier to work with than the path element. The first of these that you'll learn about is the line element.

The following example draws a grid on a 500 by 500 square. The line elements in use here take five arguments: x1y1,...

More on fills and strokes

You've seen them in use in most of the examples, now let's take a little bit of a more complete look at fills and strokes. These presentation attributes are important to SVG, especially when working with them dynamically, as it's much easier to manipulate elements directly as compared to writing dynamic CSS.

fill and stroke are collectively referred to as paint properties. fill sets the inside color of the object and stroke sets the color of the line drawn around the object. As you've already seen, they can accept any valid CSS color value. They can also accept a reference to a paint server element (these are hatch, linearGradient, meshgradient, pattern, radialGradient, and solidcolor), which are elements that define a paint style for the element. You've already seen one of these (linearGradient) and will learn about the more...

Authoring programs

All of the examples so far in the book have been generated by hand. In practice, as you'll learn throughout this book, SVG is often generated by software. Most of this book will look at creating and manipulating SVG using web-based tools and libraries, but SVG images can also be generated by desktop drawing applications. While working on the web, you will often work with SVG images that have been created by designers in applications, such as Inkscape (https://inkscape.org/en/), Adobe Illustrator (https://www.adobe.com/products/illustrator.html), or Sketch (https://www.sketchapp.com/). These applications are wonderful because they allow non-technical designers to work with SVG to create images using advanced drawing tools.

While it's not a requirement for the rest of this book, I would suggest getting your hands on something you can use to author SVG...

Summary

In this chapter, you learned about multiple SVG features. You learned about path, which allows you to draw complex shapes using lines and curves. You also learned about a number of basic drawing tools that allow you to draw lines, ellipses, polygons, and polylines. In addition, you learned about a number of stroke and fill options.

Finally, you learned a little bit about the options for using software to draw static SVG and learned a little bit about the potential drawbacks of doing so.

In Chapter 3Digging Deeper with SVG Authoring, you'll continue to learn about SVG authoring, adding on to the growing list of tools you've experienced, and allowing you to create even more complex SVG images.

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Key benefits

  • Master the art of custom animations and visualizations with SVG, CSS, and JavaScript
  • Combine SVG with third-party libraries and frameworks such as React, JQuery, D3, and Snap.svg for GUI-rich apps
  • Create an awesome user experience with high-performance graphics for your web applications

Description

SVG is the most powerful image format in use on the web. In addition to producing resolution-independent images for today's multi-device world, SVG allows you to create animations and visualizations to add to your sites and applications. The simplicity of cross-platform markup, mixed with familiar modern web languages, such as CSS and JavaScript, creates a winning combination for designers and developers alike. In this book, you will learn how to author an SVG document using common SVG features, such as elements and attributes, and serve SVG on the web using simple configuration tips for common web servers. You will also use SVG elements and images in HTML documents. Further, you will use SVG images for a variety of common tasks, such as manipulating SVG elements, adding animations using CSS, mastering the basic JavaScript SVG (API) using Document Object Model (DOM) methods, and interfacing SVG with common libraries and frameworks, such as React, jQuery, and Angular. You will then build an understanding of the Snap.svg and SVG.js APIs, along with the basics of D3, and take a look at how to implement interesting visualizations using the library. By the end of the book, you will have mastered creating animations with SVG.

Who is this book for?

This book is for web developers and designers looking to add animation to their projects. Some experience with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript is required.

What you will learn

  • Deliver the elements that make up an SVG image
  • Replace your old CSS sprites with SVG
  • Understand animation and data visualization with SVG are explained in pure JavaScript and using common libraries
  • Use SVG to scale images across multiple devices easily
  • Harness the power of CSS animations and transformations to manipulate your SVG images in a replicable, remixable way
  • Interface SVG with common libraries and frameworks, such as jQuery, React, and Angular
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Table of Contents

12 Chapters
Introducing Scalable Vector Graphics Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Getting Started with Authoring SVG Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Digging Deeper with SVG Authoring Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Using SVG in HTML Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Working with SVG and CSS Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
JavaScript and SVG Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Common JavaScript Libraries and SVG Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
SVG Animation and Visualizations Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Helper Libraries Snap.svg and SVG.js Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Working with D3.js Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Tools to Optimize Your SVG Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

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adamn May 16, 2022
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If you are a person who knows HTML, CSS and Javascript, say, a professional frontend developer, this book is extremely boring, because most of the time you read things that introduce nothing new. If you just want to learn about SVG, the density of actually helpful content on SVG is around two lines per page. Moreover, things are not well explained, oftentimes book just gives you a property, a couple of values for this property, sample code, and shows how it renders. But what are the other supported values for this property? How exactly does it work? Why there is “Z” in the code here? No details provided. And so, you not only learn very little but you are also left wondering about the details of what you just read about. Did I really buy this book so that I have to google for the details every other page? Certainly, with this book you won’t master anything.Here is a quote to reflect book’s attitude: “This is probably enough for you to get by using these properties”. Really? Well, if I was a high school student, maybe. But if you are a professional who likes to understand what he is doing, then “just having probably enough to get by using something” is seriously underwhelming.
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