Search icon CANCEL
Subscription
0
Cart icon
Your Cart (0 item)
Close icon
You have no products in your basket yet
Arrow left icon
Explore Products
Best Sellers
New Releases
Books
Videos
Audiobooks
Learning Hub
Free Learning
Arrow right icon
Mastering OpenCV 3
Mastering OpenCV 3

Mastering OpenCV 3: Get hands-on with practical Computer Vision using OpenCV 3 , Second Edition

Arrow left icon
Profile Icon Saragih
Arrow right icon
Mex$1004.99
Paperback Apr 2017 250 pages 2nd Edition
eBook
Mex$561.99 Mex$803.99
Paperback
Mex$1004.99
Subscription
Free Trial
Arrow left icon
Profile Icon Saragih
Arrow right icon
Mex$1004.99
Paperback Apr 2017 250 pages 2nd Edition
eBook
Mex$561.99 Mex$803.99
Paperback
Mex$1004.99
Subscription
Free Trial
eBook
Mex$561.99 Mex$803.99
Paperback
Mex$1004.99
Subscription
Free Trial

What do you get with Print?

Product feature icon Instant access to your digital eBook copy whilst your Print order is Shipped
Product feature icon Paperback book shipped to your preferred address
Product feature icon Download this book in EPUB and PDF formats
Product feature icon Access this title in our online reader with advanced features
Product feature icon DRM FREE - Read whenever, wherever and however you want
OR
Modal Close icon
Payment Processing...
tick Completed

Shipping Address

Billing Address

Shipping Methods
Table of content icon View table of contents Preview book icon Preview Book

Mastering OpenCV 3

Exploring Structure from Motion Using OpenCV

In this chapter, we will discuss the notion of Structure from Motion (SfM),or better put, extracting geometric structures from images taken with a camera under motion, using OpenCV's API to help us. First, let's constrain the otherwise very b road approach to SfM using a single camera, usually called a monocular approach, and a discrete and sparse set of frames rather than a continuous video stream. These two constrains will greatly simplify the system we will sketch out in the coming pages, and help us understand the fundamentals of any SfM method. To implement our method, we will follow in the footsteps of Hartley and Zisserman (hereafter referred to as H&Z, for brevity), as documented in Chapters 9 through 12 of their seminal book Multiple View Geometry in Computer Vision.

In this chapter, we will cover the following:

  • Structure from Motion concepts
  • Estimating...

Structure from Motion concepts

The first discrimination we should make is the difference between stereo (or indeed any multiview) and 3D reconstruction using calibrated rigs and SfM. A rig of two or more cameras assumes that we already know the motion between the cameras, while in SfM, we don't know what this motion is and we wish to find it. Calibrated rigs, from a simplistic point of view, allow a much more accurate reconstruction of 3D geometry because there is no error in estimating the distance and rotation between the cameras, it is already known. The first step in implementing an SfM system is finding the motion between the cameras. OpenCV may help us in a number of ways to obtain this motion, specifically using the findFundamentalMat and findEssentialMat functions.

Let's think for one moment of the goal behind choosing an SfM algorithm. In most cases, we wish to obtain the geometry of...

Estimating the camera motion from a pair of images

Before we set out to actually find the motion between two cameras, let's examine the inputs and the tools we have at hand to perform this operation. First, we have two images of the same scene from (hopefully not extremely) different positions in space. This is a powerful asset, and we will make sure that we use it. As for tools, we should take a look at mathematical objects that impose constraints over our images, cameras, and the scene.

Two very useful mathematical objects are the fundamental matrix (denoted by F) and the essential matrix (denoted by E), which impose a constraint over corresponding 2D points in two images of the scene. They are mostly similar, except that the essential matrix is assuming usage of calibrated cameras; this is the case for us, so we will choose it. OpenCV allows us to find the fundamental matrix via the findFundamentalMat function...

Reconstructing the scene

Next, we look into the matter of recovering the 3D structure of the scene from the information we have acquired so far. As we had done before, we should look at the tools and information we have at hand to achieve this. In the preceding section, we obtained two camera matrices from the essential matrix; we already discussed how these tools would be useful for obtaining the 3D position of a point in space. Then, we can go back to our matched point pairs to fill in our equations with numerical data. The point pairs will also be useful in calculating the error we get from all our approximate calculations.

This is the time to see how we can perform triangulation using OpenCV. Luckily, OpenCV supplies us with a number of functions that make this process easy to implement: triangulatePoints, undistortPoints, and convertPointsFromHomogeneous.

Remember we had two key equations arising from the 2D...

Reconstruction from many views

Now that we know how to recover the motion and scene geometry from two cameras, it would seem simple to get the parameters of additional cameras and more scene points simply by applying the same process. This matter is in fact not so simple, as we can only get a reconstruction that is upto scale, and each pair of pictures has a different scale.

There are a number of ways to correctly reconstruct the 3D scene data from multiple views. One way to achieve camera pose estimation or camera resectioning, is the Perspective N-Point(PnP) algorithm, where we try to solve for the position of a new camera using N 3D scene points, which we have already found and their respective 2D image points. Another way is to triangulate more points and see how they fit into our existing scene geometry; this will tell us the position of the new camera by means of point cloud registration. In this...

Structure from Motion concepts


The first discrimination we should make is the difference between stereo (or indeed any multiview) and 3D reconstruction using calibrated rigs and SfM. A rig of two or more cameras assumes that we already know the motion between the cameras, while in SfM, we don't know what this motion is and we wish to find it. Calibrated rigs, from a simplistic point of view, allow a much more accurate reconstruction of 3D geometry because there is no error in estimating the distance and rotation between the cameras, it is already known. The first step in implementing an SfM system is finding the motion between the cameras. OpenCV may help us in a number of ways to obtain this motion, specifically using the findFundamentalMat and findEssentialMat functions.

Let's think for one moment of the goal behind choosing an SfM algorithm. In most cases, we wish to obtain the geometry of the scene, for example, where objects are in relation to the camera and what their form is. Having...

Estimating the camera motion from a pair of images


Before we set out to actually find the motion between two cameras, let's examine the inputs and the tools we have at hand to perform this operation. First, we have two images of the same scene from (hopefully not extremely) different positions in space. This is a powerful asset, and we will make sure that we use it. As for tools, we should take a look at mathematical objects that impose constraints over our images, cameras, and the scene.

Two very useful mathematical objects are the fundamental matrix (denoted by F) and the essential matrix (denoted by E), which impose a constraint over corresponding 2D points in two images of the scene. They are mostly similar, except that the essential matrix is assuming usage of calibrated cameras; this is the case for us, so we will choose it. OpenCV allows us to find the fundamental matrix via the findFundamentalMat function and the essential matrix via the findEssentialMatrix function. Finding the essential...

Reconstructing the scene


Next, we look into the matter of recovering the 3D structure of the scene from the information we have acquired so far. As we had done before, we should look at the tools and information we have at hand to achieve this. In the preceding section, we obtained two camera matrices from the essential matrix; we already discussed how these tools would be useful for obtaining the 3D position of a point in space. Then, we can go back to our matched point pairs to fill in our equations with numerical data. The point pairs will also be useful in calculating the error we get from all our approximate calculations.

This is the time to see how we can perform triangulation using OpenCV. Luckily, OpenCV supplies us with a number of functions that make this process easy to implement: triangulatePoints, undistortPoints, and convertPointsFromHomogeneous.

Remember we had two key equations arising from the 2D point matching and P matrices: x=PX and x'= P'X, where x and x' are matching...

Reconstruction from many views


Now that we know how to recover the motion and scene geometry from two cameras, it would seem simple to get the parameters of additional cameras and more scene points simply by applying the same process. This matter is in fact not so simple, as we can only get a reconstruction that is upto scale, and each pair of pictures has a different scale.

There are a number of ways to correctly reconstruct the 3D scene data from multiple views. One way to achieve camera pose estimation or camera resectioning, is the Perspective N-Point(PnP) algorithm, where we try to solve for the position of a new camera using N 3D scene points, which we have already found and their respective 2D image points. Another way is to triangulate more points and see how they fit into our existing scene geometry; this will tell us the position of the new camera by means of point cloud registration. In this section, we will discuss using OpenCV's solvePnP functions that implements the first method...

Left arrow icon Right arrow icon

Key benefits

  • Updated for OpenCV 3, this book covers new features that will help you unlock the full potential of OpenCV 3
  • Written by a team of 7 experts, each chapter explores a new aspect of OpenCV to help you make amazing computer-vision aware applications
  • Project-based approach with each chapter being a complete tutorial, showing you how to apply OpenCV to solve complete problems

Description

As we become more capable of handling data in every kind, we are becoming more reliant on visual input and what we can do with those self-driving cars, face recognition, and even augmented reality applications and games. This is all powered by Computer Vision. This book will put you straight to work in creating powerful and unique computer vision applications. Each chapter is structured around a central project and deep dives into an important aspect of OpenCV such as facial recognition, image target tracking, making augmented reality applications, the 3D visualization framework, and machine learning. You’ll learn how to make AI that can remember and use neural networks to help your applications learn. By the end of the book, you will have created various working prototypes with the projects in the book and will be well versed with the new features of OpenCV3.

Who is this book for?

This book is for those who have a basic knowledge of OpenCV and are competent C++ programmers. You need to have an understanding of some of the more theoretical/mathematical concepts, as we move quite quickly throughout the book.

What you will learn

  • Execute basic image processing operations and cartoonify an image
  • Build an OpenCV project natively with Raspberry Pi and cross-compile it for Raspberry Pi.text
  • Extend the natural feature tracking algorithm to support the tracking of multiple image targets on a video
  • Use OpenCV 3's new 3D visualization framework to illustrate the 3D scene geometry
  • Create an application for Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) using a support vector machine and Artificial Neural Networks
  • Train and predict pattern-recognition algorithms to decide whether an image is a number plate
  • Use POSIT for the six degrees of freedom head pose
  • Train a face recognition database using deep learning and recognize faces from that database
Estimated delivery fee Deliver to Mexico

Standard delivery 10 - 13 business days

Mex$149.95

Premium delivery 3 - 6 business days

Mex$299.95
(Includes tracking information)

Product Details

Country selected
Publication date, Length, Edition, Language, ISBN-13
Publication date : Apr 28, 2017
Length: 250 pages
Edition : 2nd
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781786467171
Vendor :
Intel
Category :
Languages :
Tools :

What do you get with Print?

Product feature icon Instant access to your digital eBook copy whilst your Print order is Shipped
Product feature icon Paperback book shipped to your preferred address
Product feature icon Download this book in EPUB and PDF formats
Product feature icon Access this title in our online reader with advanced features
Product feature icon DRM FREE - Read whenever, wherever and however you want
OR
Modal Close icon
Payment Processing...
tick Completed

Shipping Address

Billing Address

Shipping Methods
Estimated delivery fee Deliver to Mexico

Standard delivery 10 - 13 business days

Mex$149.95

Premium delivery 3 - 6 business days

Mex$299.95
(Includes tracking information)

Product Details

Publication date : Apr 28, 2017
Length: 250 pages
Edition : 2nd
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781786467171
Vendor :
Intel
Category :
Languages :
Tools :

Packt Subscriptions

See our plans and pricing
Modal Close icon
$19.99 billed monthly
Feature tick icon Unlimited access to Packt's library of 7,000+ practical books and videos
Feature tick icon Constantly refreshed with 50+ new titles a month
Feature tick icon Exclusive Early access to books as they're written
Feature tick icon Solve problems while you work with advanced search and reference features
Feature tick icon Offline reading on the mobile app
Feature tick icon Simple pricing, no contract
$199.99 billed annually
Feature tick icon Unlimited access to Packt's library of 7,000+ practical books and videos
Feature tick icon Constantly refreshed with 50+ new titles a month
Feature tick icon Exclusive Early access to books as they're written
Feature tick icon Solve problems while you work with advanced search and reference features
Feature tick icon Offline reading on the mobile app
Feature tick icon Choose a DRM-free eBook or Video every month to keep
Feature tick icon PLUS own as many other DRM-free eBooks or Videos as you like for just Mex$85 each
Feature tick icon Exclusive print discounts
$279.99 billed in 18 months
Feature tick icon Unlimited access to Packt's library of 7,000+ practical books and videos
Feature tick icon Constantly refreshed with 50+ new titles a month
Feature tick icon Exclusive Early access to books as they're written
Feature tick icon Solve problems while you work with advanced search and reference features
Feature tick icon Offline reading on the mobile app
Feature tick icon Choose a DRM-free eBook or Video every month to keep
Feature tick icon PLUS own as many other DRM-free eBooks or Videos as you like for just Mex$85 each
Feature tick icon Exclusive print discounts

Frequently bought together


Stars icon
Total Mex$ 3,262.97
Mastering OpenCV 3
Mex$1004.99
Machine Learning for OpenCV
Mex$1128.99
OpenCV 3 Computer Vision Application Programming Cookbook
Mex$1128.99
Total Mex$ 3,262.97 Stars icon
Banner background image

Table of Contents

6 Chapters
Cartoonifier and Skin Changer for Raspberry Pi Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Exploring Structure from Motion Using OpenCV Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Number Plate Recognition using SVM and Neural Network Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Non-Rigid Face Tracking Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3D Head Pose Estimation Using AAM and POSIT Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Face Recognition Using Eigenfaces or Fisherfaces Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Get free access to Packt library with over 7500+ books and video courses for 7 days!
Start Free Trial

FAQs

What is the delivery time and cost of print book? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Shipping Details

USA:

'

Economy: Delivery to most addresses in the US within 10-15 business days

Premium: Trackable Delivery to most addresses in the US within 3-8 business days

UK:

Economy: Delivery to most addresses in the U.K. within 7-9 business days.
Shipments are not trackable

Premium: Trackable delivery to most addresses in the U.K. within 3-4 business days!
Add one extra business day for deliveries to Northern Ireland and Scottish Highlands and islands

EU:

Premium: Trackable delivery to most EU destinations within 4-9 business days.

Australia:

Economy: Can deliver to P. O. Boxes and private residences.
Trackable service with delivery to addresses in Australia only.
Delivery time ranges from 7-9 business days for VIC and 8-10 business days for Interstate metro
Delivery time is up to 15 business days for remote areas of WA, NT & QLD.

Premium: Delivery to addresses in Australia only
Trackable delivery to most P. O. Boxes and private residences in Australia within 4-5 days based on the distance to a destination following dispatch.

India:

Premium: Delivery to most Indian addresses within 5-6 business days

Rest of the World:

Premium: Countries in the American continent: Trackable delivery to most countries within 4-7 business days

Asia:

Premium: Delivery to most Asian addresses within 5-9 business days

Disclaimer:
All orders received before 5 PM U.K time would start printing from the next business day. So the estimated delivery times start from the next day as well. Orders received after 5 PM U.K time (in our internal systems) on a business day or anytime on the weekend will begin printing the second to next business day. For example, an order placed at 11 AM today will begin printing tomorrow, whereas an order placed at 9 PM tonight will begin printing the day after tomorrow.


Unfortunately, due to several restrictions, we are unable to ship to the following countries:

  1. Afghanistan
  2. American Samoa
  3. Belarus
  4. Brunei Darussalam
  5. Central African Republic
  6. The Democratic Republic of Congo
  7. Eritrea
  8. Guinea-bissau
  9. Iran
  10. Lebanon
  11. Libiya Arab Jamahriya
  12. Somalia
  13. Sudan
  14. Russian Federation
  15. Syrian Arab Republic
  16. Ukraine
  17. Venezuela
What is custom duty/charge? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customs duty are charges levied on goods when they cross international borders. It is a tax that is imposed on imported goods. These duties are charged by special authorities and bodies created by local governments and are meant to protect local industries, economies, and businesses.

Do I have to pay customs charges for the print book order? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

The orders shipped to the countries that are listed under EU27 will not bear custom charges. They are paid by Packt as part of the order.

List of EU27 countries: www.gov.uk/eu-eea:

A custom duty or localized taxes may be applicable on the shipment and would be charged by the recipient country outside of the EU27 which should be paid by the customer and these duties are not included in the shipping charges been charged on the order.

How do I know my custom duty charges? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

The amount of duty payable varies greatly depending on the imported goods, the country of origin and several other factors like the total invoice amount or dimensions like weight, and other such criteria applicable in your country.

For example:

  • If you live in Mexico, and the declared value of your ordered items is over $ 50, for you to receive a package, you will have to pay additional import tax of 19% which will be $ 9.50 to the courier service.
  • Whereas if you live in Turkey, and the declared value of your ordered items is over € 22, for you to receive a package, you will have to pay additional import tax of 18% which will be € 3.96 to the courier service.
How can I cancel my order? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Cancellation Policy for Published Printed Books:

You can cancel any order within 1 hour of placing the order. Simply contact [email protected] with your order details or payment transaction id. If your order has already started the shipment process, we will do our best to stop it. However, if it is already on the way to you then when you receive it, you can contact us at [email protected] using the returns and refund process.

Please understand that Packt Publishing cannot provide refunds or cancel any order except for the cases described in our Return Policy (i.e. Packt Publishing agrees to replace your printed book because it arrives damaged or material defect in book), Packt Publishing will not accept returns.

What is your returns and refunds policy? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Return Policy:

We want you to be happy with your purchase from Packtpub.com. We will not hassle you with returning print books to us. If the print book you receive from us is incorrect, damaged, doesn't work or is unacceptably late, please contact Customer Relations Team on [email protected] with the order number and issue details as explained below:

  1. If you ordered (eBook, Video or Print Book) incorrectly or accidentally, please contact Customer Relations Team on [email protected] within one hour of placing the order and we will replace/refund you the item cost.
  2. Sadly, if your eBook or Video file is faulty or a fault occurs during the eBook or Video being made available to you, i.e. during download then you should contact Customer Relations Team within 14 days of purchase on [email protected] who will be able to resolve this issue for you.
  3. You will have a choice of replacement or refund of the problem items.(damaged, defective or incorrect)
  4. Once Customer Care Team confirms that you will be refunded, you should receive the refund within 10 to 12 working days.
  5. If you are only requesting a refund of one book from a multiple order, then we will refund you the appropriate single item.
  6. Where the items were shipped under a free shipping offer, there will be no shipping costs to refund.

On the off chance your printed book arrives damaged, with book material defect, contact our Customer Relation Team on [email protected] within 14 days of receipt of the book with appropriate evidence of damage and we will work with you to secure a replacement copy, if necessary. Please note that each printed book you order from us is individually made by Packt's professional book-printing partner which is on a print-on-demand basis.

What tax is charged? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Currently, no tax is charged on the purchase of any print book (subject to change based on the laws and regulations). A localized VAT fee is charged only to our European and UK customers on eBooks, Video and subscriptions that they buy. GST is charged to Indian customers for eBooks and video purchases.

What payment methods can I use? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

You can pay with the following card types:

  1. Visa Debit
  2. Visa Credit
  3. MasterCard
  4. PayPal
What is the delivery time and cost of print books? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Shipping Details

USA:

'

Economy: Delivery to most addresses in the US within 10-15 business days

Premium: Trackable Delivery to most addresses in the US within 3-8 business days

UK:

Economy: Delivery to most addresses in the U.K. within 7-9 business days.
Shipments are not trackable

Premium: Trackable delivery to most addresses in the U.K. within 3-4 business days!
Add one extra business day for deliveries to Northern Ireland and Scottish Highlands and islands

EU:

Premium: Trackable delivery to most EU destinations within 4-9 business days.

Australia:

Economy: Can deliver to P. O. Boxes and private residences.
Trackable service with delivery to addresses in Australia only.
Delivery time ranges from 7-9 business days for VIC and 8-10 business days for Interstate metro
Delivery time is up to 15 business days for remote areas of WA, NT & QLD.

Premium: Delivery to addresses in Australia only
Trackable delivery to most P. O. Boxes and private residences in Australia within 4-5 days based on the distance to a destination following dispatch.

India:

Premium: Delivery to most Indian addresses within 5-6 business days

Rest of the World:

Premium: Countries in the American continent: Trackable delivery to most countries within 4-7 business days

Asia:

Premium: Delivery to most Asian addresses within 5-9 business days

Disclaimer:
All orders received before 5 PM U.K time would start printing from the next business day. So the estimated delivery times start from the next day as well. Orders received after 5 PM U.K time (in our internal systems) on a business day or anytime on the weekend will begin printing the second to next business day. For example, an order placed at 11 AM today will begin printing tomorrow, whereas an order placed at 9 PM tonight will begin printing the day after tomorrow.


Unfortunately, due to several restrictions, we are unable to ship to the following countries:

  1. Afghanistan
  2. American Samoa
  3. Belarus
  4. Brunei Darussalam
  5. Central African Republic
  6. The Democratic Republic of Congo
  7. Eritrea
  8. Guinea-bissau
  9. Iran
  10. Lebanon
  11. Libiya Arab Jamahriya
  12. Somalia
  13. Sudan
  14. Russian Federation
  15. Syrian Arab Republic
  16. Ukraine
  17. Venezuela