You're reading from Mastering Python 2E Write powerful and efficient code using the full range of Python's capabilities

Product type Paperback

Published in May 2022

Last Updated in May 2022

Publisher Packt

ISBN-13 9781800207721

Length 710 pages

Edition 2nd Edition

Languages

Python

Tools

Dask

Concepts

Programming Language

Author (1):

Rick Hattem

View More author details

Table of Contents (21) Chapters

Preface

1. Getting Started – One Environment per Project

2. Interactive Python Interpreters FREE CHAPTER

3. Pythonic Syntax and Common Pitfalls

4. Pythonic Design Patterns

5. Functional Programming – Readability Versus Brevity

6. Decorators – Enabling Code Reuse by Decorating

7. Generators and Coroutines – Infinity, One Step at a Time

8. Metaclasses – Making Classes (Not Instances) Smarter

9. Documentation – How to Use Sphinx and reStructuredText

10. Testing and Logging – Preparing for Bugs

11. Debugging – Solving the Bugs

12. Performance – Tracking and Reducing Your Memory and CPU Usage

13. asyncio – Multithreading without Threads

14. Multiprocessing – When a Single CPU Core Is Not Enough

15. Scientific Python and Plotting

16. Artificial Intelligence

17. Extensions in C/C++, System Calls, and C/C++ Libraries

18. Packaging – Creating Your Own Libraries or Applications

19. Other Books You May Enjoy

20. Index

Testing multiple environments with tox

Now that we have written our tests and are able to run them for our own environment, it’s time to make sure that others can easily run the tests too. tox can create sandboxed environments for all specified Python versions (assuming they are installed) and runs them automatically and in parallel if needed. This is especially useful to test if your dependency specification is up to date. While you may have a lot of packages installed in your local environment, someone else might not have those packages.

Getting started with tox

Before we can do anything, we need to install the tox command. A simple pip install will suffice:

$ pip3 install --upgrade tox

After the install, we can start by creating a tox.ini file to specify what we want to run. The easiest way is by using tox-quickstart, but if you already have a functioning tox.ini from a different project you can easily copy and modify that: