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Docker for Serverless Applications
Docker for Serverless Applications

Docker for Serverless Applications: Containerize and orchestrate functions using OpenFaas, OpenWhisk, and Fn

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Profile Icon Chanwit Kaewkasi
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Paperback Apr 2018 250 pages 1st Edition
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Arrow left icon
Profile Icon Chanwit Kaewkasi
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€32.99
Paperback Apr 2018 250 pages 1st Edition
eBook
€17.99 €26.99
Paperback
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Free Trial
Renews at €18.99p/m
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Docker for Serverless Applications

Docker and Swarm Clusters

In this chapter, we will review container technology and introduce Docker and its orchestration engine, as well as Docker Swarm mode. We will then discuss why we need a Docker infrastructure to deploy and run serverless and FaaS applications. The topics covered in this chapter are as follows:

  • Containers and Docker
  • Setting up a Docker Swarm cluster
  • Performing container networking with Docker
  • Why Docker fits into the serverless and FaaS infrastructure

What is a container?

Before talking about Docker, it would be better to discuss the technology behind the software container.

Virtual machines are a common virtualization technology and have been widely adopted by cloud providers and enterprise companies. Actually, a software container (or container for short) is also a kind of virtualization technology, but there is something different about them. The key difference is that every container shares the same kernel on the host machine, while each virtual machine has its own kernel. Basically, a container uses virtualization techniques at the level of the operating system, not the hypervisor. The following diagram shows a comparison between container and VM stacks:

Figure 2.1: Containers versus virtual machines

Linux's container technology heavily relies on two important kernel capabilities, namespace and...

What is Docker?

Containers in the past were quite difficult to manage and use. Docker is basically a set of technologies to help us prepare, manage, and execute containers. In the world of virtual machines, we need a hypervisor to take care of all VM instances. Similarly, in the world of containers, we use Docker as the container engine to take care of everything to do with containers.

Undeniably, Docker is the most popular container engine to date. When using Docker, we follow the three concepts build, ship, and run, recommended by Docker itself:

  • The workflow of Build-Ship-Run is optimized by the philosophy of Docker. In the Build step, we are allowed to build and destroy container images rapidly. As developers, we can include the container building steps as a part of our development cycle.
  • In the Ship step, we ship container images to places, from our development...

Docker Swarm clusters

A cluster is a group of machines connecting together to do work. A Docker host is a physical or virtual machine with the Docker Engine installed. We create a Docker Swarm cluster by connecting many Docker hosts together. We refer to each Docker host as a Docker Swarm node, simply a node.

In version 1.12, Docker introduced Swarm mode, a new orchestration engine to replace the old Swarm cluster, which is now referred to as Swarm classic. The main difference between Swarm classic and Swarm mode is that Swarm classic uses an external service, such as Consul, etcd, or Apache ZooKeeper as its key/value store, but Swarm mode has this key/value built in. With this, Swarm mode keeps orchestration latency at a minimum, and is more robust than Swarm classic because it does not need to interact with an external store. The monolithic nature of Swarm mode is...

Exercises

To help you better remember and understand the concepts and practices of Docker described in this chapter, try answering the following questions without going back to the chapter's contents. Let's get started:

  1. What are containers? What's the key difference between containers and virtual machines?
  2. What are the main features inside the Linux kernel to enable container technology? Please name at least two of them.
  3. What are the key concepts of the Docker workflow?
  4. What is a Dockerfile for? Which Docker command do you use to interact with it?
  5. What is the ENTRYPOINT instruction inside a Dockerfile?
  6. Which command do we use to list all Docker images?
  1. Which command do we use to form a Docker Swarm cluster?
  2. What is the key difference between Swarm classic and Swarm mode?
  3. Please explain the relationship between services and tasks.
  4. How can we create an...

Summary

This chapter started off by discussing the concepts of containers. Then we reviewed what Docker is, how to install it, and the Docker build, ship, and run workflow. We then learnt how to form a Docker Swarm cluster and Swarm master and worker nodes. We learnt how to properly set up a robust Swarm cluster with an odd number of master nodes. We then learnt the service and task concepts of Docker Swarm. Finally, we learnt how Docker fits into serverless application development.

In the next chapter, we will review serverless frameworks and platforms to understand the overall architecture and the limitations of them.

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Key benefits

  • - Implement containerization in Serverless/FaaS environments
  • - Utilize Docker as a functional unit of work for Serverless/FaaS platforms
  • - Use Docker as a portable infrastructure for Serverless Applications

Description

Serverless applications have gained a lot of popularity among developers and are currently the buzzwords in the tech market. Docker and serverless are two terms that go hand-in-hand. This book will start by explaining serverless and Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) concepts, and why they are important. Then, it will introduce the concepts of containerization and how Docker fits into the Serverless ideology. It will explore the architectures and components of three major Docker-based FaaS platforms, how to deploy and how to use their CLI. Then, this book will discuss how to set up and operate a production-grade Docker cluster. We will cover all concepts of FaaS frameworks with practical use cases, followed by deploying and orchestrating these serverless systems using Docker. Finally, we will also explore advanced topics and prototypes for FaaS architectures in the last chapter. By the end of this book, you will be in a position to build and deploy your own FaaS platform using Docker.

Who is this book for?

If you are a Developer, a Docker Engineer, a DevOps Engineer, or any stakeholder interested in learning the use of Docker on Serverless environments then this book is for you.

What you will learn

  • • Learn what Serverless and FaaS applications are
  • • Get acquainted with the architectures of three major serverless systems
  • • Explore how Docker technologies can help develop Serverless applications
  • • Create and maintain FaaS infrastructures
  • • Set up Docker infrastructures to serve as on-premises FaaS infrastructures
  • • Define functions for Serverless applications with Docker containers
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Publication date : Apr 19, 2018
Length: 250 pages
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ISBN-13 : 9781788835268
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Docker
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Table of Contents

10 Chapters
Serverless and Docker Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Docker and Swarm Clusters Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Serverless Frameworks Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
OpenFaaS on Docker Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
The Fn Project Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
OpenWhisk on Docker Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Operating FaaS Clusters Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Putting Them All Together Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
The Future of Serverless Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
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