ECU-Level Security Controls

In the preceding chapter, we delved into security controls at the vehicle level. To maintain our stance on the principle of defense-in-depth (DiD), our focal point now shifts to the establishment of resilient vehicle components at the electronic control unit (ECU) hardware, software, and physical component layers. However, before implementing any security controls, an understanding of their potential challenges and pitfalls is crucial. As we walk through each class of security controls, we will share hints on ways to securely deploy them. In the first section, we explore hardware security mechanisms, specifically at the microcontroller (MCU) and system-on-chip (SoC) levels. These controls are fundamental building blocks upon which higher-layer software security controls are established. They include controls such as hardware root of trust (RoT), secure storage, cryptographic accelerators, chip-level isolation techniques, and trusted execution environments...