Conventions used

There are a number of text conventions used throughout this book.

Code in text: Indicates code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter/X handles. Here is an example: “In the preceding function, the running time depends on the number of times the for i in range(1, n + 1): loop is executed.”

A block of code is set as follows:

def dp_fib(n, memo={}):
    if n in memo:
        return memo[n]
    if n <= 1:
        return n
    memo[n] = dp_fib(n-1, memo) + dp_fib(n-2, memo)
    return memo[n]

Any command-line input or output is written as follows:

pip install networkx matplotlib

Bold: Indicates a new term, an important word, or words that you see onscreen. For instance, words in menus or dialog boxes appear in bold. Here is an example: “In Chapter 13, we will discuss a search algorithm based on a specific data structure called Binary Search Trees (BSTs).”

Tips or important notes

Appear like this.