TypeScript is an open source programming language that is developed and maintained by Microsoft. Its initial public release was in October 2012. TypeScript is a superset of ECMAScript, supporting all of the syntax and semantics of JavaScript with some extra features on top, such as static typing and richer syntax.
Figure 1 shows the relationships among ES5, ES2015, ES2016, and TypeScript:

Figure 1
As TypeScript is statically typed, it can provide a number of benefits to us as JavaScript developers. Let's take a quick look at those benefits now.