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Machine Learning with R

You're reading from   Machine Learning with R Learn techniques for building and improving machine learning models, from data preparation to model tuning, evaluation, and working with big data

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Product type Paperback
Published in May 2023
Publisher Packt
ISBN-13 9781801071321
Length 762 pages
Edition 4th Edition
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Author (1):
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Brett Lantz Brett Lantz
Author Profile Icon Brett Lantz
Brett Lantz
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Table of Contents (18) Chapters Close

Preface 1. Introducing Machine Learning 2. Managing and Understanding Data FREE CHAPTER 3. Lazy Learning – Classification Using Nearest Neighbors 4. Probabilistic Learning – Classification Using Naive Bayes 5. Divide and Conquer – Classification Using Decision Trees and Rules 6. Forecasting Numeric Data – Regression Methods 7. Black-Box Methods – Neural Networks and Support Vector Machines 8. Finding Patterns – Market Basket Analysis Using Association Rules 9. Finding Groups of Data – Clustering with k-means 10. Evaluating Model Performance 11. Being Successful with Machine Learning 12. Advanced Data Preparation 13. Challenging Data – Too Much, Too Little, Too Complex 14. Building Better Learners 15. Making Use of Big Data 16. Other Books You May Enjoy
17. Index

Understanding regression trees and model trees

If you recall from Chapter 5, Divide and Conquer – Classification Using Decision Trees and Rules, a decision tree builds a model, much like a flowchart, in which decision nodes, leaf nodes, and branches define a series of decisions that are used to classify examples. Such trees can also be used for numeric prediction by making only small adjustments to the tree growing algorithm. In this section, we will consider the ways in which trees for numeric prediction differ from trees used for classification.

Trees for numeric prediction fall into two categories. The first, known as regression trees, were introduced in the 1980s as part of the seminal classification and regression tree (CART) algorithm. Despite the name, regression trees do not use linear regression methods as described earlier in this chapter; rather, they make predictions based on the average value of examples that reach a leaf.

The CART algorithm is described in detail...

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