Chapter 6

1. std::cin is type-aware.
2. Capable of handling user-defined types providing cleaner, type-safe IO.
3. Format specifiers are often more flexible than #include <iomanip>.
4. Use std::endl if a flush must occur.
5. std::cerr will flush after each write, while std::clog will not. Use std::cerr when handling errors to ensure that all debugging information is successfully flushed prior to a catastrophic issue.
6. std::internal.
7. By using both std::oct and std::uppercase.
8. By leveraging a gsl::span.
9. By leveraging the rdbuf() member function.