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Building Microservices with Go
Building Microservices with Go

Building Microservices with Go: Develop seamless, efficient, and robust microservices with Go

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Building Microservices with Go

Designing a Great API

Regardless of whether you are experienced in building APIs and microservices and looking for the techniques on how you can apply them with Go or you are completely new to the world of microservices, it is worth spending the time to read this chapter.

Writing an API contract feels part art, part science and, when you discuss your design with other engineers, you will most certainly agree to disagree, not to the level of tabs versus spaces, but there is certainly something personal about API contracts.

In this chapter, we will look at the two most popular options, which are RESTful and RPC. We will examine the semantics of each approach, which will equip you with the knowledge to argue your case when the inevitable discussion (read argument) occurs. Choosing between REST or RPC may be entirely down to your current environment. If you currently have services...

RESTful APIs

The term REST was suggested by Roy Fielding in his Ph.D. dissertation in the year 2000. It stands for Representational State Transfer and is described as:

"REST emphasizes scalability of component interactions, generality of interfaces, independent deployment of components, and intermediary components to reduce interaction latency, enforce security and encapsulate legacy systems."

Having an API that conforms to the REST principles is what makes it RESTful.

URIs

One of the main components in the HTTP protocol is a URI. URI stands for Uniform Resource Identifiers and is the method by which you will access the API. You may be asking what the difference between a URI and a URL (Uniform Resource Locator)...

RPC APIs

RPC stands for remote procedure call; it is a method of executing a function or method on a remote machine. RPC has been around since the dawn of time and there are many different types of RPC technology some of which relies on there being an interface definition (SOAP, Thrift Protocol Buffers). This interface definition can make it easier to generate client and server stubs for different technology stacks. Generally, the interface is defined using a DSL (domain specific language) and a generator program will use this to create application clients and servers.

Where REST needs to use HTTP as a transport layer, RPC is not bound by this constraint, and while it is possible to send RPC calls over HTTP, you can use the lightness of TCP or even UDP sockets if you choose to.

RPC has seen a resurgence in use lately with many large-scale systems built by the likes of Uber, Google...

Versioning APIs

API versioning is something you should think about from the very beginning and avoid as long as you can. In general, you will need to make changes to your API, however, having to maintain n different versions can be a royal pain in the backside, so doing the upfront design thinking at the beginning can save you a whole load of trouble.

Before we look at how you can version your API, which is quite straightforward let's look at when you should version.

You would increment your API version number when you introduce a breaking change.

Breaking changes include:

  • Removing or renaming APIs or API parameters
  • Changing the type of an API parameter, for example, from integer to string
  • Changes to response codes, error codes, or fault contracts
  • Changes to the behavior of an existing API

Things that do not involve a breaking change include:

  • Adding parameters to a returned...

Object type standardization

Whether you are using custom binary serialization, JSON, or JSON-RPC you need to think about how your user is going to handle the object at the other side of the transaction. Many of the serialization packages Protocol Buffers such as protocol buffers and Thrift that use stubs to generate client code will happily deal with serialization of simple types such as Dates into native types that enable your consumer to easily use and manipulate these objects. However, if you are using JSON or JSON-RPC there is no concept of a Date as a native type therefore it can be useful to fall back to ISO standards which the user of the client can easily deserialize. The Microsoft API design guidelines provide some good advice on how to handle Dates and Durations.

Dates

...

Documenting APIs

Documenting APIs is incredibly useful whether you intend the API to be consumed internally by other teams in your company, external users, or even only yourself. You will thank yourself for spending the time to document the operations of the API and keep this up to date. Keeping documentation up to date should not be an arduous task. There are many applications that can generate documentation automatically from your source code, so all you need to do is run this application as part of your build workflow.

REST based-based APIs

Currently three primary standards are fighting it out to become the queen of REST API documentation:

  • Swagger
  • API Blueprint
  • RAML
...

RESTful APIs


The term REST was suggested by Roy Fielding in his Ph.D. dissertation in the year 2000. It stands for Representational State Transfer and is described as:

"REST emphasizes scalability of component interactions, generality of interfaces, independent deployment of components, and intermediary components to reduce interaction latency, enforce security and encapsulate legacy systems."

Having an API that conforms to the REST principles is what makes it RESTful.

URIs

One of the main components in the HTTP protocol is a URI. URI stands for Uniform Resource Identifiers and is the method by which you will access the API. You may be asking what the difference between a URI and a URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is? When I started to write this chapter, I wondered about this myself and did what any self-respecting developer would do, which is to head over to Stack Overflow. Unfortunately, my confusion only grew as there were lots of detailed answers, none of which I found particularly enlightening...

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Key benefits

  • This short, concise, and practical guide is packed with real-world examples of building microservices with Go
  • It is easy to read and will benefit smaller teams who want to extend the functionality of their existing systems
  • Using this practical approach will save your money in terms of maintaining a monolithic architecture and demonstrate capabilities in ease of use

Description

Microservice architecture is sweeping the world as the de facto pattern to build web-based applications. Golang is a language particularly well suited to building them. Its strong community, encouragement of idiomatic style, and statically-linked binary artifacts make integrating it with other technologies and managing microservices at scale consistent and intuitive. This book will teach you the common patterns and practices, showing you how to apply these using the Go programming language. It will teach you the fundamental concepts of architectural design and RESTful communication, and show you patterns that provide manageable code that is supportable in development and at scale in production. We will provide you with examples on how to put these concepts and patterns into practice with Go. Whether you are planning a new application or working in an existing monolith, this book will explain and illustrate with practical examples how teams of all sizes can start solving problems with microservices. It will help you understand Docker and Docker-Compose and how it can be used to isolate microservice dependencies and build environments. We finish off by showing you various techniques to monitor, test, and secure your microservices. By the end, you will know the benefits of system resilience of a microservice and the advantages of Go stack.

Who is this book for?

You should have a working knowledge of programming in Go, including writing and compiling basic applications. However, no knowledge of RESTful architecture, microservices, or web services is expected. If you are looking to apply techniques to your own projects, taking your first steps into microservice architecture, this book is for you.

What you will learn

  • Plan a microservice architecture and design a microservice
  • Write a microservice with a RESTful API and a database
  • Understand the common idioms and common patterns in microservices architecture
  • Leverage tools and automation that helps microservices become horizontally scalable
  • Get a grounding in containerization with Docker and Docker-Compose, which will greatly accelerate your development lifecycle
  • Manage and secure Microservices at scale with monitoring, logging, service discovery, and automation
  • Test microservices and integrate API tests in Go
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Table of Contents

10 Chapters
Introduction to Microservices Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Designing a Great API Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Introducing Docker Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Testing Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Common Patterns Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Microservice Frameworks Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Logging and Monitoring Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Security Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Event-Driven Architecture Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Continuous Delivery Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Top Reviews
Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon Empty star icon 3.1
(12 Ratings)
5 star 25%
4 star 8.3%
3 star 25%
2 star 33.3%
1 star 8.3%
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Top Reviews

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Ben Feb 16, 2018
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
For a little bit of context, I'm a C# developer who's beginning to learn Go on the side. I'd probably put myself on the higher end of "intermediate." In other words, I feel very comfortable with development, but I'm not at "senior developer" level yet.This book was exactly what I was looking for. It was informative without explaining concepts that I was already familiar with. The structure of the book was well laid out and easy for follow along. The chapters were a nice size to read over my lunch break. If you're looking to learn more about microservices (especially written in Go), I'd definitely recommend reading this book.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
DM Jan 05, 2018
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Solid work with clear examples, excellent coverage of the why beyond the how.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Franc Hauselmann Dec 01, 2017
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Covers a large scope with very good samples (source code available). Easy to understand even if it's the first time that we work with micro services.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Michael Barnes Jun 02, 2018
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
Good book. Covers many topics even those outside of Go. There were typos and formatting issues, but the book was well written and covers many topics on developing microservices in go. Definitely worth a read.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
H.P. Dec 28, 2018
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3
This is a fairly good book, but it has a rather large amount of typos. This book is also more of a general microservices overview as it lacks deeper details. Maybe more of a 10,000 foot view. Still very good for getting the general best practices for the Go community on microservices.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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