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Learning AWS
Learning AWS

Learning AWS: Design, build, and deploy responsive applications using AWS Cloud components , Second Edition

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Learning AWS

Designing Cloud Applications

As an architect, you should have come across terms such as loosely coupled, multitier, service oriented, highly scalable, and so on. These terms are associated with architectural best practices, and you will find them listed in the first couple of pages of any system architecture document. These concepts are generally applicable to all architectures, and the cloud is no exception.

In this chapter, we want to highlight how these are accomplished on the cloud. You will notice that the design principles and best practices for developing application architectures on the cloud, largely remain the same as for on-premise architectures. However, you need to be aware of certain peculiarities specific to the cloud environment, in order to architect scalable, available and secure cloud applications. For example, if you are architecting a web-scale application...

Introducing cloud-based multitier architecture

A simple three-tier architecture consists of a web tier, an application or business tier, and the data tier. These tiers are ordinarily implemented using web servers, application servers, and databases, respectively.

The following figure illustrates tiered architecture on the cloud. This architecture supports auto scaling and load balancing of web servers and application servers. Further, it also implements a master-slave database model across two different zones or data centers (connected with high speed links). The master database is synchronously replicated to the slave. Overall, the architecture represents a simple way to achieve a highly scalable and highly available application in a cloud environment.

Cloud applications can be deployed at multiple locations. Typically, using AWS terminology, these locations are regions (that...

Designing for multi-tenancy

The major benefit of multi-tenancy is cost savings due to shared infrastructure and operational efficiency of managing a single instance of the application across multiple customers or tenants. However, multi-tenancy introduces complexity, and issues can arise when a tenant's action or usage can affect the performance and availability of the application for other tenants on the shared infrastructure. In addition, security, customization, upgrades, recovery, and so on, requirements of one tenant can create issues for other tenants and/or introduce further complexity.

Additionally, customers are concerned about their business-critical data residing on public cloud infrastructure (in the hands of a third-party SaaS application provider). It is of vital importance to ensure that the data architecture is robust and secure to satisfy the security standards...

Understanding cloud applications design principles

In this section, we will cover key guiding principles that are useful while designing cloud-based applications. More specifically, we will introduce designing for scale, automated infrastructure, failures, parallel processing, performance, and eventual consistency.

Designing for scale

Traditionally, designing for scale meant carefully sizing your infrastructure for peak usage and then adding a factor to handle variability in load. At some point, when you reached a certain threshold on CPU, memory, disk (capacity and throughput) or network bandwidth, you would repeat the exercise for handling increased loads and initiate a lengthy procurement and provisioning process. Depending...

Understanding emerging cloud-based application architectures

In this section, we will describe common architecture patterns and deployment of some of the main processing models being used for batch processing, streaming applications, and machine learning pipelines. The underlying architecture for these processing models are required to support ingesting very large volumes of various types of data arriving at high velocities at one end, while making the output data available for use by analytical tools, reporting and modeling software, at the other.

The software platforms supporting such applications have the necessary features and support the key mechanisms required to access data across a diverse set of data sources and formats, and prepare it for downstream applications, either as low-latency streaming data or high-throughput historical data stores. For example, Apache Spark...

Estimating your cloud computing costs

Costs are central to designing for the cloud. Selecting the most appropriate options from a wide variety of tunable parameters available for each of the services can make this a challenging task. Typically, if you understand the costing for your compute nodes and database services well, then you would have largely accounted for a big chunk of your expected bill. Using an 80:20 principle can help you get to ballpark cost estimates, quickly. Typically, if you understand the costing for your compute nodes and database services well, then you would have largely accounted for a big chunk of your expected bill.

Most cloud service providers make online calculators available to arrive at the ballpark figures for your infrastructure. The following is a sample screenshot for provisioning AWS EC2 instances (compute nodes) in a calculator provided by...

A typical e-commerce web application

In this section, we go through the specifications of a typical e-commerce website which we will develop and deploy on AWS infrastructure. We will leverage the AWS infrastructure to reduce project timeline and also show you the specific AWS code needed to support your non-functional requirements. However, this application is meant for illustrative purposes and is not a production grade application.

The codebase for this application will be in Java and the framework used will be Spring 4.x along with MySQL as the database. We will not delve into the detailed design or the specifications as it is not in the scope of the book, nor shall we develop all the functional use cases defined in the specifications. We will, however, dive deep into the non-functional specifications as they tend to leverage the cloud services more.

Suppose electronics retailer...

Summary

In this chapter, we explained the differences in design and implementation of cloud-based applications. We reviewed some of the architectural best practices in the cloud context. More specifically, we described multitiered, loosely coupled, and service oriented scalable designs and their realizations on the cloud platform. We also went through the design consideration and implementation approaches to multi-tenancy, and explored some of the architectural patterns being used for streaming and machine learning applications. Finally, we created a simple application that we intend to expand and elaborate in the coming chapters to illustrate AWS concepts in detail.

After covering the cloud architectural principles in this chapter, we will get a lot more specific in our coverage of cloud computing in the next chapter. We will cover AWS specific cloud services, the AWS costing...

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Key benefits

  • • Get well-versed with building and deploying serverless APIs with microservices
  • • Learn to build distributed applications and microservices with AWS Step Functions
  • • A step-by-step guide that will get you up and running with building and managing applications on the AWS platform

Description

Amazon Web Services (AWS) is the most popular and widely-used cloud platform. Administering and deploying application on AWS makes the applications resilient and robust. The main focus of the book is to cover the basic concepts of cloud-based development followed by running solutions in AWS Cloud, which will help the solutions run at scale. This book not only guides you through the trade-offs and ideas behind efficient cloud applications, but is a comprehensive guide to getting the most out of AWS. In the first section, you will begin by looking at the key concepts of AWS, setting up your AWS account, and operating it. This guide also covers cloud service models, which will help you build highly scalable and secure applications on the AWS platform. We will then dive deep into concepts of cloud computing with S3 storage, RDS and EC2. Next, this book will walk you through VPC, building real-time serverless environments, and deploying serverless APIs with microservices. Finally, this book will teach you to monitor your applications, automate your infrastructure, and deploy with CloudFormation. By the end of this book, you will be well-versed with the various services that AWS provides and will be able to leverage AWS infrastructure to accelerate the development process.

Who is this book for?

If you are an I.T. professional or a system architect who wants to improve infrastructure using AWS, then this book is for you. It is also for programmers who are new to AWS and want to build highly efficient, scalable applications.

What you will learn

  • • Set up your AWS account and get started with the basic concepts of AWS
  • • Learn about AWS terminology and identity access management
  • • Acquaint yourself with important elements of the cloud with features such as computing, ELB, and VPC
  • • Back up your database and ensure high availability by having an understanding of database-related services in the AWS cloud
  • • Integrate AWS services with your application to meet and exceed non-functional requirements
  • • Create and automate infrastructure to design cost-effective, highly available applications
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Publication date : Feb 01, 2018
Length: 412 pages
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Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781787281066
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Table of Contents

11 Chapters
Cloud 101 – Understanding the Basics Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Designing Cloud Applications Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Introducing AWS Components Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Designing for and Implementing Scalability Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Designing for and Implementing High Availability Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Designing for and Implementing Security Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Deploying to Production and Going Live Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Designing a Big Data Application Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Implementing a Big Data Application Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Deploying a Big Data System Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

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Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon 4.3
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4 star 14.3%
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1 star 14.3%
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Sarat Chandra Dash May 09, 2019
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Good one
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Rainbow5 Feb 10, 2019
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Helpful introduction to AWS
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Ratnesh Gupta Oct 16, 2018
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Good knowledge
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manish sharma Dec 10, 2018
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Nice simple and clear
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KK Sep 23, 2018
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Great book. All the critical concepts are crisply explained. The author takes a no-nonsense approach in detailing practical design and coding issues
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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