The cuRAND device function library

Let's start with cuRAND. This is a standard CUDA library that is used for generating pseudo-random values within a CUDA kernel on a thread-by-thread basis, which is initialized and invoked by calling device functions from each individual thread within a kernel. Let's emphasize again that this is a pseudo-random sequence of values—since the digital hardware is always deterministic and never random or arbitrary, we use algorithms to generate a sequence of apparently random values from an initial seed value. Usually, we can set the seed value to a truly random value (such as the clock time in milliseconds), which will yield us with a nicely arbitrary sequence of random values. These generated random values have no correlation with prior or future values in the sequence generated by the same seed, although there can be correlations...