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C# 13 and .NET 9 – Modern Cross-Platform Development Fundamentals
C# 13 and .NET 9 – Modern Cross-Platform Development Fundamentals

C# 13 and .NET 9 – Modern Cross-Platform Development Fundamentals: Start building websites and services with ASP.NET Core 9, Blazor, and EF Core 9 , Ninth Edition

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Paperback Nov 2024 828 pages 9th Edition
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C# 13 and .NET 9 – Modern Cross-Platform Development Fundamentals

Practicing and exploring

Let's now test your knowledge and understanding by trying to answer some questions, getting some hands-on practice, and going into the topics covered throughout this chapter in greater detail.

Exercise 1.1 – Online material

Online material can be extra content written by me for this book, or it can be references to content created by Microsoft or third parties.

Current versions of .NET

You can check what the latest version of .NET is for various platforms and what is officially supported at the following link: https://versionsof.net.

If you need to know more about support for the legacy .NET Framework, you can read about it at the following link: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/lifecycle/products/microsoft-net-framework.

Upgrade to a new .NET version

.NET releases new versions annually. Some developers begin upgrading as soon as a new version drops, while others prefer to wait until their current version reaches end-of-support. Upgrading involves...

Summary

In this chapter, we:

  • Set up your development environment.
  • Discussed the similarities and differences between modern .NET, .NET Core, .NET Framework, Xamarin, and .NET Standard in an online article.
  • Used Visual Studio and VS Code with the .NET SDK CLI to create a couple of simple console apps, grouped in a solution.
  • Learned how to download the solution code for this book from its GitHub repository.
  • Learned how to find help. This could be in the traditional way, by using help command switches, documentation, and articles, or the modern way, by having a conversation with a coding expert AI or using an AI-based tool to perform "grunt work."

In the next chapter, you will learn how to "speak" C#.

Discovering your C# compiler version

The .NET language compiler for C# and Visual Basic, also known as Roslyn, along with a separate compiler for F#, is distributed as part of the .NET SDK. To use a specific version of C#, you must have at least that version of the .NET SDK installed, as shown in Table 2.2:

.NET SDK

Roslyn compiler

Default C# language

1.0.4

2.0–2.2

7.0

1.1.4

2.3–2.4

7.1

2.1.2

2.6–2.7

7.2

2.1.200

...

Understanding C# grammar and vocabulary

Let’s start by looking at the basics of the grammar and vocabulary of C#. Throughout this chapter, you will create multiple console apps, with each one showing related features of the C# language.

Understanding C# grammar

The grammar of C# includes statements and blocks. To document your code, you can use comments.

Good Practice: Comments should not be the only way that you document your code. Choosing sensible names for variables and functions, writing unit tests, and creating actual documents are other ways to document your code.

Statements

In English, we indicate the end of a sentence with a period. A sentence can be composed of multiple words and phrases, with the order of words being part of the grammar. For example, in English, we say “the black cat.”

The adjective, black, comes before the noun, cat. However, French grammar has a different order; the adjective comes after the noun...

Working with variables

All applications process data. Data comes in, data is processed, and then data goes out.

Data usually comes into our program from files, databases, or user input, and it can be put temporarily into variables, which will be stored in the memory of the running program. When the program ends, the data in memory is lost. Data is usually output to files and databases, or to the screen or a printer. When using variables, you should think about, firstly, how much space the variable takes up in the memory, and, secondly, how fast it can be processed.

We control this by picking an appropriate type. You can think of simple common types such as int and double as being different-sized storage boxes, where a smaller box would take less memory but may not be as fast at being processed; for example, adding 16-bit numbers might not be processed as quickly as adding 64-bit numbers on a 64-bit operating system. Some of these boxes may be stacked close by, and some may...

Exploring more about console apps

We have already created and used basic console apps, but we’re now at a stage where we should delve into them more deeply.

Console apps are text-based and are run at the command prompt. They typically perform simple tasks that need to be scripted, such as compiling a file or encrypting a section of a configuration file.

Equally, they can also have arguments passed to them to control their behavior.

An example of this would be to create a new console app using the F# language with a specified name instead of using the name of the current folder, as shown in the following command:

dotnet new console -lang "F#" --name "ExploringConsole"

Displaying output to the user

The two most common tasks that a console app performs are writing and reading data. We have already used the WriteLine method to output, but if we didn’t want a carriage return at the end of a line, for example, if we later wanted...

Practicing and exploring

Test your knowledge and understanding by answering some questions, getting some hands-on practice, and exploring the topics covered in this chapter with deeper research.

Exercise 2.1 – Online material

Online materials can be extra content written by me for this book, or it can be references to content created by Microsoft or third parties.

Understanding async and await

C# 5 introduced two C# keywords when working with the Task type that enable easy multithreading. You can read about them and see a code example at the following link:

https://github.com/markjprice/cs13net9/blob/main/docs/ch02-async-await.md

Explore Spectre

No, not the villainous organization from the James Bond films! Spectre is a package that enhances console apps. You can read about it at the following link: https://spectreconsole.net/.

Exercise 2.2 – Practice exercises

Practice exercises go deeper into the topics for this chapter.

Explore...

Summary

In this chapter, you learned how to:

  • Declare variables with a specified or inferred type.
  • Use some of the built-in types for numbers, text, and Booleans.
  • Choose between number types.
  • Control output formatting in console apps.

In the next chapter, you will learn about operators, branching, looping, converting between types, and how to handle exceptions.

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Key benefits

  • Explore the newest additions to C# 13, the .NET 9 class libraries, and Entity Framework Core 9
  • Build professional websites and services with ASP.NET Core 9 and Blazor
  • Enhance your skills with step-by-step code examples and best practices tips

Description

This Packt bestseller continues to be the definitive guide to modern cross-platform development. The 9th edition of C# 13 and .NET 9 – Modern Cross-Platform Development Fundamentals has been updated to cover the latest features and improvements in .NET 9 and C# 13. You'll start by mastering object-oriented programming, learning how to write, test, and debug functions, and implementing interfaces. You'll then dive into .NET APIs for data management, filesystem operations, and serialization. This latest edition integrates .NET 9 enhancements into its examples: faster exceptions and new LINQ methods. New ASP.NET Core 9 features include optimized static assets, built-in OpenAPI document generation, and the HybridCache. Practical examples, such as building websites and services with ASP.NET Core, have been refreshed to utilize the latest .NET 9 features. The book also introduces Blazor, with its new unified hosting model for unparalleled code reusability. With these updates, you'll learn how to build robust applications and services efficiently and effectively. By the end of this book, you'll have the knowledge and confidence to create professional and high-performance web applications using the latest technologies in C# 13 and .NET 9.

Who is this book for?

This book is aimed at beginner to intermediate-level C# and .NET developers. While prior exposure to C# or .NET is not a prerequisite, a general understanding of programming concepts will be beneficial. If you want to learn more technologies for building modern .NET projects like gRPC, SignalR, and .NET MAUI, read Mark's Apps and Services with .NET 8 book next; and if you aim to become a professional .NET developer quickly or mainly work on team projects, read his other book, Tools and Skills for .NET 8.

What you will learn

  • Discover the new features of .NET 9, including more flexible params and new LINQ like CountBy and Index
  • Leverage the new ASP.NET Core 9 features for optimized static assets, OpenAPI document generation, and HybridCache
  • Utilize the native AOT publish capability for faster startup and reduced memory footprint
  • Build rich web user interface experiences using Blazor in ASP.NET Core 9
  • Integrate and update databases in your applications using Entity Framework Core 9 models
  • Query and manipulate data using LINQ
  • Build powerful services using Minimal APIs
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Table of Contents

17 Chapters
Hello, C#! Welcome, .NET! Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Speaking C# Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Controlling Flow, Converting Types, and Handling Exceptions Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Writing, Debugging, and Testing Functions Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building Your Own Types with Object-Oriented Programming Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Implementing Interfaces and Inheriting Classes Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Packaging and Distributing .NET Types Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Working with Common .NET Types Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Working with Files, Streams, and Serialization Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Working with Data Using Entity Framework Core Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Querying and Manipulating Data Using LINQ Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Introducing Modern Web Development Using .NET Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building Websites Using ASP.NET Core Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building Interactive Web Components Using Blazor Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building and Consuming Web Services Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Epilogue Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
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