Numbers

Julia provides a broad range of primitive numeric types, together with the full range of arithmetic and bitwise operators and standard mathematical functions. We have at our disposal a rich hierarchy of numeric types, with the most generic being Number—which defines two subtypes, Complex and Real. Conversely, Real has four subtypes—AbstractFloat, Integer, Irrational, and Rational. Finally, Integer branches into four other subtypes—BigInt, Bool, Signed, and Unsigned.

Let's take a look at the most important categories of numbers.

 

Integers

Literal integers are represented simply as follows:

julia> 42

The default Integer type, called Int, depends on the architecture of the system upon which the code is executed. It can be either Int32 or Int64. On my 64-bit system, I get it as follows:

julia> typeof(42) 
Int64

The Int type will reflect that, as it's just an alias to either Int32 or Int64:

julia> @show Int 
Int = Int64 

Overflow behavior

The minimum and maximum values are given by the...