Understanding basic file concepts
Up to this point, data inputs and outputs have moved into and out of our C programs via streams through scanf()
, printf()
, or other related I/O functions. However, most data exists on computers in files. Files represent persistent data storage in that they exist between invocations of any programs and exist even when a computer is turned off.
Any file will have been created because a program captured input from the user and saved it to a storage medium. The files could've been modified by another program and then saved, they could have been copied by any number of programs, or they could have been created from other files by yet another program. Ultimately, nothing happens to a file unless a program does something to it.
Revisiting file streams
A stream is the means of transferring data, specifically bytes, between any device and a program. Streams are device-oriented. Devices, as we have...