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OpenStack Networking Cookbook
OpenStack Networking Cookbook

OpenStack Networking Cookbook: Harness the power of OpenStack Networking for public and private clouds using 90 hands-on recipes

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Profile Icon Sriram Subramanian
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$29.99 $43.99
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5 (4 Ratings)
eBook Oct 2015 282 pages 1st Edition
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Arrow left icon
Profile Icon Sriram Subramanian
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$29.99 $43.99
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5 (4 Ratings)
eBook Oct 2015 282 pages 1st Edition
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$29.99 $43.99
Paperback
$54.99
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Renews at $19.99p/m
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Paperback
$54.99
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Renews at $19.99p/m

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OpenStack Networking Cookbook

Chapter 2. Using Open vSwitch for VLAN-Based Networks

In this chapter, we will demonstrate how Open vSwitch can be used to create and manage VLAN-based Networks for OpenStack tenants. The following recipes will be covered in this chapter:

  • Configuring Neutron to use the Open vSwitch mechanism driver
  • Configuring Neutron to use the VLAN type driver
  • Configuring the VLAN range to be used for the Networks
  • Viewing the VLAN allotted for a Network
  • Creating a Network with a specific VLAN
  • Viewing the virtual interface information on the compute node
  • Viewing the virtual interface information on the Network node

Introduction

As discussed in the first chapter, virtualization and cloud computing are pushing the network boundary from the physical network to the virtual network. The non-virtualized physical servers are connected to the physical network switches for connectivity. The shift from physical to virtual networking implies that the virtual machines should be connected to the virtual switches for connectivity.

In order to allow the multiple networking technologies to interoperate, Neutron uses the concept of plugins. The Modular Layer 2 (ML2) is a type of core plugin that supports multiple drivers so that the plugin functionality can be extended and customized. The ML2 plugin comprises of type drivers and mechanism drivers.

Open vSwitch, popularly referred to as OVS, is one of the implementations of the virtual switches for the Linux platforms. It is an open source, production quality, virtual switch that supports the rich networking protocols and features.

In order to implement these recipes...

Configuring Neutron to use the Open vSwitch mechanism driver

The ML2 plugin can support many mechanisms to provide the core functionality. We will see how Open vSwitch can act as a mechanism driver for the ML2 plugin.

Getting ready

Using OVS as the mechanism driver requires changes to the ML2 plugin configuration file. We also have to configure OVS with a tenant network type and physical network alias.

How to do it…

The following steps will show you how to configure Open vSwitch as the mechanism driver for the ML2 plugin:

  1. With the appropriate credentials, SSH into the node where the Neutron server is running. In our setup, it will be the Controller and Network node.
  2. Open the Neutron ML2 plugin configuration file using your desired editor. For example, the command for vi editor will be as follows:
    openstack@controller:~$ sudo vi /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini
    
  3. In the [ml2] section of the file, configure ML2 to use OVS as the mechanism driver:
    [ml2]
    ...
    mechanism_drivers = openvswitch...

Configuring Neutron to use the VLAN type driver

The ML2 plugin needs to be configured in order to use VLAN as the network type for all the tenant networks.

Getting ready

The ML2 plugin has a configuration file setting that needs to be updated so that the tenants can use VLAN as the tenant network type.

How to do it…

The following steps will show you how to configure VLAN as the type driver and tenant network type:

  1. With the appropriate credentials, SSH into the node where the Neutron server is running. In our setup, it will be the Controller and Network node.
  2. Open the Neutron ML2 plugin configuration file using your desired editor. For example, the command for vi editor will be as follows:
    openstack@controller:~$ sudo vi /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini
    
  3. In the [ml2] section of the file, configure VLAN as the type driver and network type:
    [ml2]
    ...
    type_drivers = vlan
    tenant_network_types = vlan
    
  4. Restart the Neutron and Open vSwitch services on the Controller and Network node of our setup...

Configuring the VLAN range to be used for the networks

In order to use VLAN as the network type, Neutron requires a range of VLAN identifiers. Each OpenStack Network will be associated with a unique VLAN identifier. This recipe shows you how to configure this range of VLAN IDs.

Getting ready

The valid range for a VLAN ID is 1-4095. However, based on your OpenStack environment and the physical network, it is possible to use a subset of this range.

How to do it…

Configuring the VLAN ID range is a setting in the plugin configuration file. The following steps will show you how to set this range:

  1. With the appropriate credentials, SSH into the node where the Neutron server is running.
  2. Open the Neutron ML2 plugin configuration file using your desired editor. For example, the command for vi editor will be as follows:
    openstack@controller:~$ sudo vi /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini
    
  3. In the [ml2_type_vlan] section of the file, configure the VLAN range:
    [ml2_type_vlan]
    ...
    network_vlan_ranges ...

Viewing the VLAN allotted for a Network

Open vSwitch configures the VLAN ID on the virtual port associated with a virtual machine instance. The underlying physical network must also be configured so as to allow the data traffic for the same VLAN ID. Hence, the knowledge of the VLAN ID allotted for a Network is very useful, especially while troubleshooting networking problems. This recipe shows you how to view the VLAN ID allotted for a Network.

Getting ready

The VLAN ID information is available only to users with an administrative role. Hence, for this recipe, you will need the appropriate credentials.

How to do it…

The following steps will show you how to view the VLAN ID allotted for a Network:

  1. Log in to the OpenStack Horizon dashboard using a user ID with an administrative role.
  2. In the left navigation menu, click on Admin | System | Networks.
  3. On the right-hand side, you will get a list of all the Networks in the setup, as shown in the following screenshot:
    How to do it…
  4. To view the details of a particular...

Creating a Network with a specific VLAN

When the user creates a Network, the VLAN ID is automatically assigned to it. However, there can be situations when a Network is required to use a specific VLAN. This can happen when the physical network is preconfigured to carry a certain type of traffic using a specific VLAN ID.

Getting ready

You will need the following information to create a Network with a specific VLAN:

  • The project (tenant) name for which the Network needs to be created
  • A VLAN ID from the range configured in the ML2 configuration file

How to do it…

The following steps will show you how to create a Network with a specific VLAN ID:

  1. Log in to the OpenStack Horizon dashboard using a user ID with an administrative role.
  2. In the left navigation menu, click on Admin | System and Networks.
  3. On the right-hand side, we will get a list of all the Networks. As we logged in with an administrative role, we should be able to view all the networks across all the projects:
    How to do it…
  4. Click on the + Create Network...

Introduction


As discussed in the first chapter, virtualization and cloud computing are pushing the network boundary from the physical network to the virtual network. The non-virtualized physical servers are connected to the physical network switches for connectivity. The shift from physical to virtual networking implies that the virtual machines should be connected to the virtual switches for connectivity.

In order to allow the multiple networking technologies to interoperate, Neutron uses the concept of plugins. The Modular Layer 2 (ML2) is a type of core plugin that supports multiple drivers so that the plugin functionality can be extended and customized. The ML2 plugin comprises of type drivers and mechanism drivers.

Open vSwitch, popularly referred to as OVS, is one of the implementations of the virtual switches for the Linux platforms. It is an open source, production quality, virtual switch that supports the rich networking protocols and features.

In order to implement these recipes,...

Configuring Neutron to use the Open vSwitch mechanism driver


The ML2 plugin can support many mechanisms to provide the core functionality. We will see how Open vSwitch can act as a mechanism driver for the ML2 plugin.

Getting ready

Using OVS as the mechanism driver requires changes to the ML2 plugin configuration file. We also have to configure OVS with a tenant network type and physical network alias.

How to do it…

The following steps will show you how to configure Open vSwitch as the mechanism driver for the ML2 plugin:

  1. With the appropriate credentials, SSH into the node where the Neutron server is running. In our setup, it will be the Controller and Network node.

  2. Open the Neutron ML2 plugin configuration file using your desired editor. For example, the command for vi editor will be as follows:

    openstack@controller:~$ sudo vi /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini
    
  3. In the [ml2] section of the file, configure ML2 to use OVS as the mechanism driver:

    [ml2]
    ...
    mechanism_drivers = openvswitch
    
  4. In the...

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Description

Networking in OpenStack has evolved from Nova Network to Neutron. This has resulted in a rich suite of networking services available to OpenStack users and administrators. Advanced services such as routers, firewall, and load balancers use building blocks such as network and subnets. Recent improvements support powerful customization using plugins. The evolution of Neutron continues as it integrates with tools like Ceilometer and Heat. This book will explore the built-in capabilities of Neutron to effectively deploy cloud solutions. You will begin with the most fundamental constructs of OpenStack Networking for switching and routing. You will then learn how to provide your tenants with services like firewalls and load-balancers. The step-by-step recipes will help you configure and troubleshoot networking problems in your cloud. This book will also introduce you to advanced topics like Ceilometer, Heat, and other upcoming tools in OpenStack

Who is this book for?

This book is aimed at network and system administrators who want to deploy and manage OpenStack-based cloud and IT infrastructure. If you have basic knowledge of OpenStack and virtualization, this book will help you leverage the rich functionality of OpenStack Networking in your cloud deployments.

What you will learn

  • Operate OpenStack Networking for public and private clouds
  • Configure advanced routing services for your workloads
  • Secure data traffic using firewallasaservice capabilities of OpenStack
  • Discover how to leverage VXLAN to implement SDN in your OpenStack cloud
  • Monitor the virtual networks using Ceilometer
  • Develop plugins to enhance and customize OpenStack Networking
  • Provide HA and VPN connectivity for your virtual machines
  • Troubleshoot and solve common problems with OpenStack Networking

Product Details

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Publication date : Oct 23, 2015
Length: 282 pages
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Language : English
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Length: 282 pages
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Table of Contents

13 Chapters
1. Getting Started with OpenStack Networking Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2. Using Open vSwitch for VLAN-Based Networks Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3. Exploring Other Network Types in Neutron Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
4. Exploring Overlay Networks with Neutron Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
5. Managing IP Addresses in Neutron Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
6. Using Routing Services in Neutron Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
7. Using Neutron Security and Firewall Services Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
8. Using HAProxy for Load Balancing Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
9. Monitoring OpenStack Networks Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
10. Writing Your Own Neutron ML2 Mechanism Driver Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
11. Troubleshooting Tips for Neutron Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
12. Advanced Topics Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
(4 Ratings)
5 star 100%
4 star 0%
3 star 0%
2 star 0%
1 star 0%
JORGE CARLOS FRANCO Dec 10, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
I bought the book early last August (eBook) and I found a valid resource on it. The cookbook format was very useful for me, is well written and speaks about all the necessary topics to get your OpenStack networking 'connected'.Maybe the perfect reader segment are the 'medium' skilled persons, but beginners and experts can also read it. Learn or review an important topic is always good thing.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
SuJo Dec 25, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
$5 Packt sale right now, head over to their site now and pick this book up. You'll learn a lot of information you just won't find elsewhere, OpenStack is simply amazing and blowing the wheels off the Vmware momentum that is finally losing it's steam, mostly because of the darn fees. The recipes in this cookbook are amazing and well thought out, and it won't be disappointing. I absolutely love the interface and how easy it is to get started, this has really helped with optimizations as well.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
ruben Dec 26, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
This is a very interesting book for ones who want to be speceliazed in networking applications in networking,I like the topic of VPN networking and appications. This book will explore the built-in capabilities of Neutron to effectively deploy cloud solutions. You will begin with the most fundamental constructs of OpenStack Networking for switching and routing. You will then learn how to provide your tenants with services like firewalls and load-balancers. The step-by-step recipes will help you configure and troubleshoot networking problems in your cloud. This book will also introduce you to advanced topics like Ceilometer, Heat, and other upcoming tools in OpenStack.Ruben.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Perry Nally Dec 30, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
I love this book. Be aware that it walks you through OpenStack Kilo version, you can still use most versions of OpenStack to complete the various tasks. In fact you can complete many of the recipes using DevStack, but not all. I learned the nitty gritty of OpenStack cloud computing fast with this book. If you are at all inclined to buy a book to help you out on your OpenStack adventure, let this be the book, or eBook.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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