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Enterprise Application Architecture with .NET Core
Enterprise Application Architecture with .NET Core

Enterprise Application Architecture with .NET Core: An architectural journey into the Microsoft .NET open source platform

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Profile Icon Ullal Profile Icon Senthilvel Profile Icon Qureshi Profile Icon Mehboob Ahmed Khan
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Enterprise Application Architecture with .NET Core

Principles and Patterns

In this chapter, we will take a concise, quick, and solid look into the most common and fundamental software industry patterns and practices applied to enterprise grade as well as medium-sized applications.

In this chapter we will learn about the fundamental and modern design & development principles that are essential to the quality and maintainable code for a stable and flexible application design. We will go through some of the frequently used design patterns from the GoF (Gang of Four) and look at their implementation using the .NET Core code.

The topics that we will primarily cover in this chapter include:

  • SOLID design principles
  • Dependency injection
  • GoF design patterns

The code that we will use here will be simple, straightforward and will be used primarily to show the main idea of the pattern.

Getting started with principles and patterns

Before we directly jump into defining the principles and talk about the important and most common design patterns, let's question the basics of what designs are patterns and why we should have software development principles.

Why follow design principles?

No individual, group, or organization wants a software product whose code looks complex, hard-to-change, fragile, and nonreusable. All of us want the code to remain flexible, robust, and reusable. Therefore, we follow some of the core design principles that are eventually essential to the quality of a software product.

What are design patterns?

...

SOLID design principles

SOLID design principles are a set of basic OOD design principles. These principles were first published by Robert C. Martin, popularly known as Uncle Bob. He is also a coauthor of the Agile Manifesto.

S.O.L.I.D stands for five primary class design principles:

  • Single Responsibility Principle (SRP): A class should have only one reason to change, which means that a class should have only one primary job to do; an extension can be added, for example, inheritance.
  • Open Closed Principle (OCP): A class should be designed in such a way that it is open for the extension of its behavior but is closed for modification in itself.
  • Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP): All of the derived classes should be substitutable (replaceable) with their parent class.
  • Interface Segregation Principle (ISP): Interfaces should be fine-grained and client-specific. Let's say that a client should never be forced to...

Dependency injection

In modern coding patterns, factory level containers that help assemble components eventually into a cohesive application have become very important. Beneath such type of containers, there is a common pattern which defines how to perform the wiring of different components together and is known as Inversion of Control (IoC). The pattern coming out of it is more specifically known as Dependency Injection.

Introducing dependency injection

Dependency Injection design pattern fulfills the dependency inversion principle of the SOLID design principles. There are three main forms of dependency injection:

  • Constructor injection: An example of this is shown in the DIP section
  • Setter injection: Let's look at an example code for setter injection:
 ...

GoF design patterns

A software design pattern is a general reusable solution to a commonly occurring problem within a given context in software design. It is not a finished design that can be transformed directly into the source or machine code. It is a description or a template for how to solve a problem that can be used in many different situations. Design patterns are formalized best practices that the programmer can use in order to solve common problems when designing an application or a system.

What are software design patterns?

Design patterns were formally introduced in the book Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software, first published in 1994 by the four authors Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, and John Vlissides, with a foreword...

Creational patterns

Creational design patterns are those software design patterns that deal with the mechanism of object creation in a flexible, maintainable manner under certain situations or scenarios.

Let's jump on to the individual creational pattern to see its detail.

The singleton pattern

The singleton pattern is perhaps the most common pattern used by developers across the globe. This pattern basically defines a class for which only one (single) instance can exist.

You can have a class that is either global or static with all static methods so that you do not need to create any instance of this class and use it directly. This is okay but not considered a best practice generally, unless you are defining a stateless interface to expose an underlying OS...

Structural patterns

These design patterns are best practices to identify a simple way to realize relationships between entities and their structure in a given situation.

Let's jump on to our selective structural patterns individually to look at their detail.

Adapter pattern

The adapter pattern, as the name suggests, is the pattern for a class that adapts the interface of another considerably complicated or inconsistent class. It's basically just a wrapper class. It wraps the interface of another class to an interface that is simpler, consistent to the software design, and is what the client is expecting.

The following diagram shows the adapter pattern in general and the one used for our example:

It is one of the simplest GoF design patterns with the purpose...

Behavioral patterns

These design patterns are best practices to identify a simple way to realize relationships between entities in a given situation.

Let's jump on to our selective behavioral patterns one by one in order to see them in detail.

The template method pattern

The template method pattern basically defines the steps of an algorithm inside a class as a contract while deferring some of the steps (methods) to be implemented by the derived classes; hence, it primarily defines the structure via an abstract base class.

We will explain its implementation using an example in continuation of our sample for a GUI app we created earlier for the abstract factory pattern. In fact, within the same example app, we cover abstract factory, builder, and template method...

Summary

All of these design patterns satisfy the S.O.L.I.D object-oriented design principles. Going through this chapter not only helped you revise your GoF patterns and fundamental S.O.L.I.D principles, but it will also help you keep in mind when you are designing your new classes to solve certain problems and hence increase the quality of your software.

We also covered some fundamentals of Inversion of Control via dependency injection and also went though some examples of DI using .NET Core. You would have also noticed that with the advent of DI, a lot of GoF patterns are automatically taken care of by the DI pattern. For example, almost all of the creational patterns can be replaced by the DI, while for many others, DI can complement them by taking care of part of their responsibility with regards to their implementation.

I hope you enjoyed this chapter as much as I did. This chapter provides the solid and essential...

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Key benefits

  • Incorporate architectural soft-skills such as DevOps and Agile methodologies to enhance program-level objectives
  • Gain knowledge of architectural approaches on the likes of SOA architecture and microservices to provide traceability and rationale for architectural decisions
  • Explore a variety of practical use cases and code examples to implement the tools and techniques described in the book

Description

If you want to design and develop enterprise applications using .NET Core as the development framework and learn about industry-wide best practices and guidelines, then this book is for you. The book starts with a brief introduction to enterprise architecture, which will help you to understand what enterprise architecture is and what the key components are. It will then teach you about the types of patterns and the principles of software development, and explain the various aspects of distributed computing to keep your applications effective and scalable. These chapters act as a catalyst to start the practical implementation, and design and develop applications using different architectural approaches, such as layered architecture, service oriented architecture, microservices and cloud-specific solutions. Gradually, you will learn about the different approaches and models of the Security framework and explore various authentication models and authorization techniques, such as social media-based authentication and safe storage using app secrets. By the end of the book, you will get to know the concepts and usage of the emerging fields, such as DevOps, BigData, architectural practices, and Artificial Intelligence.

Who is this book for?

This book is for experienced .NET developers who are aspiring to become architects of enterprise-grade applications, as well as software architects who would like to leverage .NET to create effective blueprints of applications.

What you will learn

  • • Grasp the important aspects and best practices of application lifecycle management
  • • Leverage the popular ALM tools, application insights, and their usage to monitor performance, testability, and optimization tools in an enterprise
  • • Explore various authentication models such as social media-based authentication, 2FA and OpenID Connect, learn authorization techniques
  • • Explore Azure with various solution approaches for Microservices and Serverless architecture along with Docker containers
  • • Gain knowledge about the recent market trends and practices and how they can be achieved with .NET Core and Microsoft tools and technologies
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Table of Contents

11 Chapters
Enterprise Architecture Concepts Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Principles and Patterns Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Distributed Computing Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Software Development Life Cycle Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Enterprise Practices in Software Development Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Layered Approach to Solution Architecture Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
SOA Implementation with .NET Core Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Cloud-Based Architecture and Integration with .NET Core Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Microservices Architecture Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Security Practices with .NET Core Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Modern AI Offerings by Microsoft Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
(5 Ratings)
5 star 60%
4 star 20%
3 star 0%
2 star 0%
1 star 20%
J. Lopez Oct 10, 2019
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
This is a great book. Gives a brief background history and leads to very modernized topics that are still applicable today. Hits every area for a good applications/software architect needs to know. Finally, a good book for someone starting out as an enterprise architect.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Amarjit Saha Aug 21, 2019
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Very Good Product. Value for Money.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Amazon Customer Apr 18, 2018
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
The book is worth reading.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Hammad Arif May 24, 2017
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
I work as a lead developer at a software services firm in Australia. My expectation from this book was to get a good grasp of modern software development practices on Microsoft platform. This expectation has mostly been fulfilled. This book covers wide variety of topics related to quality software design. Each of the 11 chapters covers a different topic. The degree of quality and relevance of these chapters can be reviewed independently.I particularly liked most chapters from the second half of the book covering changing application development landscape. It provides a good overview of modern offerings on Microsoft Azure platform to develop service oriented, cloud based, standards compliant systems.My biggest criticism of this book is that it attempts to cover too many topics without a coherent theme around it. Most chapters deserved a book of its own. The first chapter focuses on the role of enterprise architect and commonly used EA frameworks, which I think was irrelevant as the rest of the book is written for those who are aspiring to be solution architects.Overall, this book serves the purpose well for providing overview of common practices and patterns a good architect should follow for large software design.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Desmond F. Nolan Apr 20, 2022
Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 1
I am mystified how this book has gotten such good reviews, as while it has great topics for the subject matter, it was obviously written by someone for whom English is a foreign language and it appears it was never edited by anyone for whom English was a primary tongue. Some bad sentence examples:1) "...TOGAF is leveraged to make the enterprise for implementing and improving business efficiency."2) "...TOGAF insists the industry's architecture standard using the consistent methods, processes and communication with the group of Enterprise Architecture professionals."3) "The core purpose of this property is to prevent resource locking mutual progress while competing with each other in the system."In addition, some sections drop to almost just listing bullet points and not explaining them well. I would not recommend this book to a neophyte or want-to-be software architect. If you are knowledgeable about the subject, is has a small value in listing most of the topics you should be familiar with i.e. kind of checklist of what you should know. But nevertheless, a tough read because of the bad English, which is a disappointing from Pack<t> considering their many other quality books.
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