TypeScript

Back in the day when JavaScript ES5 was the active version, writing JavaScript code that adhered to encapsulation and modularity was not a trivial task. Things such as prototypes, namespaces, and self-executing functions could certainly improve your code; unfortunately, many JavaScript developers did not invest the necessary effort to improve the manageability of their code using those constructs.

Consequently, new technologies surfaced to help with this matter; a popular example relevant at that time was CoffeeScript. Then, JavaScript ES6 was released. ES6, with its great added features, such as modules, classes, and more specific variable scoping, basically overturned CoffeeScript and similar alternatives at that time.

Evidently, JavaScript is still missing a key feature, and that is type information. JavaScript's dynamic type system is a strong feature at times; unfortunately, the manageability and reusability of existing code suffers due to this fact. For that key purpose, every...