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vCenter Troubleshooting
vCenter Troubleshooting

vCenter Troubleshooting: Resolve some of the most commonly faced vCenter problems with the use of this troubleshooting guide

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vCenter Troubleshooting

Chapter 2. Working with the vCenter Database

This chapter will focus on the vCenter database. The last chapter showed you how to move from SQLExpress to the Full SQL Server. Now, let's review some common questions regarding items such as knowing the location of your database, troubleshooting growth, and other issues that keep an administrator up at night.

The vCenter Server uses a database for the storage and organization of information for the server. Each instance of vCenter Server needs to have its own dedicated database.

Note

As a note, VMware announced the end of availability of vCenter Server Heartbeat. Support for the product will end in September 2018. Administrators should leverage features such as vSphere High Availability along with other best practices to deploy vCenter Server with a management cluster.

The schema cannot be shared between instances of vCenter Server, although multiple databases of vCenter are allowed to exist on the same database server.

Changing the vCenter database location

If you ever need to locate your vCenter database (this also works for other VMware databases), here are a few ways to get what you need. These methods do not require you to log directly into the SQL database.

This first method will work for the vCenter, View Composer, and the Update Manager database:

  1. Log into vCenter Server using an administrator account.
  2. Open the regedit browser by going to Start | Run.
  3. Browse through the registry and locate HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ODBC\ODBC.INI.
  4. Choose the database that you are trying to find the location of.
  5. Find the string name Server. This will contain the name of the server and the location of the database.
    Changing the vCenter database location
  6. Select the entry that has the database you're trying to locate. Now, find the string called Server. This will have the server name along with the database, which contains the database name.
    Changing the vCenter database location

This second method also requires access to vCenter Server. Log in using an administrator account:

  1. Use Windows Explorer...

Growing the vCenter Server database

You should always monitor the growth of your vCenter database. The database is collecting and storing information from the vSphere environment. Most of the database's growth is normally due to:

  • Logging events
  • Logging tasks that were executed
  • Collection of performance data
  • Wrong recovery settings
  • Wrong DB sizing (especially Oracle)

Performance data normally causes the greatest amount of growth but when you are troubleshooting growth problems, make sure that you know the source of the growth. One method to validate the source of database growth is to read the Determining where growth is occurring in the VMware vCenter Server database document, found at http://kb.vmware.com/kb/1028356.

There are times when truncating the database information is necessary. This should only be an option if you can determine the source of growth. Make sure you are in compliance with the business policies on data retention, and after you have determined that you are going to truncate...

Reinitializing the vCenter Server database

There might be a time when a reset of the vCenter Server database is the only solution. As bad as that sounds, here are a few reasons to reinitialize the database:

  • Corruption of data
  • You need to build a new vCenter Server
  • VMware Support requires a rebuild

When you reinitialize the vCenter Server database, it will act as a brand new installed instance. It is taken to its default configuration.

You can reset the database with the following steps. All the data (including all custom fields) will be permanently destroyed. A complete backup of your database is highly recommended before executing these reset steps:

  1. Stop the vCenter Server service.
  2. Open the command prompt.
  3. Change to the folder that contains the program file for vCenter Server. If you installed this using the default folder, it will be found at: C:\Program Files\VMware\Infrastructure\VirtualCenter\.
  4. At the command prompt, type and execute the following command:
    vpxd.exe -b
    

    You can see this command...

Fixing the vCenter Server service and database connection issues

If you find that the vCenter service has stopped or does not start, first try starting the service manually to verify the problem.

Fixing the vCenter Server service and database connection issues

Sometimes, there is a problem with the vCenter Server database that will prevent the service from starting. You can test the ODBC link to verify that a connection can be established. You can also check the Windows log for information on the problem.

Fixing the vCenter Server service and database connection issues

When you need to check vCenter Server's health, use the VMware KB article, Investigating the Health of a vCenter Server database, found at http://kb.vmware.com/selfservice/microsites/search.do?language=en_US&cmd=displayKC&externalId=1003979 to verify the status of the database.

Although this section is about vCenter database troubleshooting, here are a few other items to check after you have verified that your database is fine:

  • Review and verify that no changes were made to the OS that vCenter is running on, such as firewalls, virus scanners...

Recovering from an improper shutdown of VCSA

You have installed Virtual Center Server Appliance (VCSA) using the embedded database and there was an improper shutdown of the appliance, so you could experience an error when attempting the startup of your virtual machines.

You could also experience missing information related to the host or virtual machines when you login using the vSphere client.

If you had used the Windows-based vCenter with a local database, you could have solved this problem by connecting to the vCenter Server and resetting (Stop-Start) the vCenter Server service. Then, after logging into the client, the problem is normally resolved.

Remember, the VCSA is an application based on Linux and the methods used to correct these problems are approached differently. You still need to stop and start the vCenter services first. This is accomplished in two ways when using VCSA, by using the Web UI or from the command line of your application.

The Web User Interface (UI) method is completed...

Changing the vCenter database location


If you ever need to locate your vCenter database (this also works for other VMware databases), here are a few ways to get what you need. These methods do not require you to log directly into the SQL database.

This first method will work for the vCenter, View Composer, and the Update Manager database:

  1. Log into vCenter Server using an administrator account.

  2. Open the regedit browser by going to Start | Run.

  3. Browse through the registry and locate HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ODBC\ODBC.INI.

  4. Choose the database that you are trying to find the location of.

  5. Find the string name Server. This will contain the name of the server and the location of the database.

  6. Select the entry that has the database you're trying to locate. Now, find the string called Server. This will have the server name along with the database, which contains the database name.

This second method also requires access to vCenter Server. Log in using an administrator account:

  1. Use Windows Explorer and...

Growing the vCenter Server database


You should always monitor the growth of your vCenter database. The database is collecting and storing information from the vSphere environment. Most of the database's growth is normally due to:

  • Logging events

  • Logging tasks that were executed

  • Collection of performance data

  • Wrong recovery settings

  • Wrong DB sizing (especially Oracle)

Performance data normally causes the greatest amount of growth but when you are troubleshooting growth problems, make sure that you know the source of the growth. One method to validate the source of database growth is to read the Determining where growth is occurring in the VMware vCenter Server database document, found at http://kb.vmware.com/kb/1028356.

There are times when truncating the database information is necessary. This should only be an option if you can determine the source of growth. Make sure you are in compliance with the business policies on data retention, and after you have determined that you are going to truncate...

Reinitializing the vCenter Server database


There might be a time when a reset of the vCenter Server database is the only solution. As bad as that sounds, here are a few reasons to reinitialize the database:

  • Corruption of data

  • You need to build a new vCenter Server

  • VMware Support requires a rebuild

When you reinitialize the vCenter Server database, it will act as a brand new installed instance. It is taken to its default configuration.

You can reset the database with the following steps. All the data (including all custom fields) will be permanently destroyed. A complete backup of your database is highly recommended before executing these reset steps:

  1. Stop the vCenter Server service.

  2. Open the command prompt.

  3. Change to the folder that contains the program file for vCenter Server. If you installed this using the default folder, it will be found at: C:\Program Files\VMware\Infrastructure\VirtualCenter\.

  4. At the command prompt, type and execute the following command:

    vpxd.exe -b
    

    You can see this command...

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Description

The book is designed for the competent vCenter administrator or anyone who is responsible for the vSphere environment. It can be used as a guide by vSphere architects and VMware consultants for a successful vSphere solution. You should have good knowledge and an understanding of core elements and applications of the vSphere environment.

Who is this book for?

The book is designed for the competent vCenter administrator or anyone who is responsible for the vSphere environment. It can be used as a guide by vSphere architects and VMware consultants for a successful vSphere solution. You should have good knowledge and an understanding of core elements and applications of the vSphere environment.

Product Details

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Publication date : Apr 28, 2015
Length: 184 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781783552337

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Product Details

Publication date : Apr 28, 2015
Length: 184 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781783552337

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Table of Contents

10 Chapters
1. vCenter Upgrades and Migrations Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2. Working with the vCenter Database Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3. Setting Access and Permissions Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
4. Monitoring and Performance Considerations Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
5. Working with Storage Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
6. Solving Some Not-so-common vCenter Issues Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
7. Backup and Recovery Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
8. Additional Support Methods and Tools Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
9. Troubleshooting Methods Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
(3 Ratings)
5 star 33.3%
4 star 33.3%
3 star 33.3%
2 star 0%
1 star 0%
Christine Gaudreau Jun 07, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
I thought this was a very practical book that provided a lot of useful tips for the virtualization administrator. As a TAM for VMware, many of the customers I work with run into these issues on a weekly basis. Chapter 1 includes information on vCenter migrations, including the steps required when moving from a legacy vCenter server to a new vCenter server. This is useful during vCenter consolidations or moving hosts during a parallel install for a vCenter upgrade. Chapter 4 is also very informative, providing an overview of monitoring and performance, including looking at disk I/O issues and analyzing disk issues with ESXTOP. Chapter 8 goes into additional support tools, I like the various VMware Labs Flings that are detailed, I think this will help administrators in troubleshooting issues. It also describes the benefits of a very underutilized tool the vCenter Support Assistant, and Chuck Mills helps you through the process of deploying it in your environment.Although this book isn't very long, it is concise and provides a lot of insight into troubleshooting vCenter Issues. Chuck Mills walks you through the steps for troubleshooting common problems and the tools to use to help resolve issues. I definitely recommend the book for virtualization administrators.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Chris Williams Jul 16, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
This book is good insofar as it is a consolidated place to find a number of common issues that you might run into within a VMware environment. If you don't want to spend a lot of time looking at KB articles & the issue that you are experiencing is in this book, it's a good resource. That being said, you should look at the table of contents & determine if any of the items listed are pertinent to your situation/requirements: it plainly details exactly what it will cover so you know exactly what you are getting from this book.I personally found several items very useful both from a troubleshooting perspective and (more valuable) from a thought process towards the act of troubleshooting itself.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Andrea Jul 04, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3
The purpose of this book is really clear from the title itself (vCenter thoubleshooting) and the authors are valuable guys from the IT world with great skill (including a VCDX).But does it really match and reach the objectives in less than 200 pages?The book does not spend time and pages in describing at high level the vCenter architecture itself (in my opinion should be useful to understand how the different components works together and simply the troubleshooting if some parts does not work properly) and goes directly to the technical and procedural aspects. Some details are provided directly in each chapter.Chapter 1 is dedicated to the vCenter Upgrades and Migrations aspects and it’s well done, considering that include some of the best practices and requirements analysis. Really good the part about databases migration, but limited the part about migration between the installable and the appliance versions (more options and consideration where possible).Chapter 2 is 100% dedicated to the vCenter database and how manage it: really good the part about the vCSA case, limited the part about the installable versions (some maintenance scripts or tasks are missing)Chapter 3 is SSO oriented considering that cover the access, permission and authorization aspects.Chapter 4 is dedicated at the monitoring and how tune vCenter for it.Chapter 5 covers how work with storage, starting from the VM snapshots, file locks, datastore managements and how use vCOPS (not updated to vRealize) to improve monitoring. VASA, VAAI, … are missing.Finally chapter 6 start consider how solve some Not-so-common vCenter issues and this part is really valuable, but too short!Chapter 7 goes back to the management aspects considering the backup and restore aspects.But chapter 8 return to the troubleshooting aspects with additional support methods and tools.And chapter 9 starts with a general troubleshooting method and how to apply to vCenter.Then, unfortunately the book is finished.Pro: it’s not only related to vCenter Server 5.x, but include also some (in my opinion too few) notes on vCenter 6.0.Pro: it covers also the vCSA, but without give idea on how choose this instead of the installable version, or how this choice can impact the troubleshooting aspects.So, does it really match and reach the objectives? From my point of view only in part with a good chapter 6 and some ideas in chapter 9, but with very few pages.But the idea is good and there is the needs of a book that covers this topics.Update the book to the vCenter 6.0, add more details on the vCenter components, reorganized it better (a deployment part is missing, but is really important to avoid possible problems), update also vCOPS to vRealize (and include some other tools from Flings or 3rd part software house), can be a way to go to make the second edition a bestsellers in the IT books.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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