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Web Application Development with R Using Shiny
Web Application Development with R Using Shiny

Web Application Development with R Using Shiny: Build stunning graphics and interactive data visualizations to deliver cutting-edge analytics , Third Edition

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Profile Icon Chris Beeley Profile Icon Shitalkumar R. Sukhdeve
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Paperback Sep 2018 238 pages 3rd Edition
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Profile Icon Chris Beeley Profile Icon Shitalkumar R. Sukhdeve
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Paperback Sep 2018 238 pages 3rd Edition
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Web Application Development with R Using Shiny

Shiny First Steps

In the previous chapter, we looked at R, learned some of its basic syntax, and saw some examples of the power and flexibility that R and Shiny offer. This chapter introduces the basics of Shiny. In this chapter, we're going to build our own application to interactively explore the Gapminder data described in the previous chapter. We will cover the following topics:

  • The types of Shiny application—R Markdown, single-file, two-file, Shiny gadgets
  • Interactive Shiny documents in R Markdown
  • Single-file Shiny applications
  • Two-file Shiny applications
  • A minimal example of a full Shiny application
  • Widget types
  • The basic structure of a Shiny program
  • The selection of simple input widgets (checkboxes and combo buttons)
  • The selection of simple output types (rendering plots and maps, and returning text)
  • The selection of simple layout types (page with sidebar and...

Types of Shiny application

In the first edition of this book, which was based on Shiny 0.6, we described only two types of application. First, a fairly simple Bootstrap-themed interface with input widgets down the left and output (a single page or a tabbed output window) on the right. The second type consisted of custom-built web pages with their own HTML and CSS files. Shiny has developed quite a bit since then, and there are actually many types of Shiny application and many ways of building them. These are as follows:

  • Interactive markdown documents with Shiny widgets embedded
  • Shiny applications (default CSS, written entirely in R)
  • Web pages (for example, custom CSS, HTML, and JavaScript)
  • Shiny gadgets
  • Flex dashboards

In this chapter, we will be considering the first two: interactive documents and full applications. Chapter 3, Integrating Shiny with HTML, will cover how to...

A minimal example of a full Shiny application

The first thing to note is that Shiny programs are the easiest to build and understand using two scripts, which are kept within the same folder. They should be named server.R and ui.R.

The ui.R of the minimal example

The ui.R file is a description of the UI, and is often the shortest and simplest part of a Shiny application. In the following code, note the use of the # character, which marks lines of code as comments that will not be run, but which are for the benefit of the humans producing the code:

fluidPage(                                 # Line 1 
  titlePanel("Minimal application"),       # Line 2 
  sidebarLayout(                           # Line 3 
    sidebarPanel...

Widget types

Before we move on to a more advanced application, let's have a look at the main widgets that you will make use of within Shiny. I've built a Shiny application that will show you what they all look like, as well as their outputs and the type of data they return. To run it, just enter the following command:

> library(shiny)
runGist(6571951)

This is one of the several built-in functions of Shiny that allow you to run code hosted on the internet. Details about sharing your own creations in other ways are discussed in Chapter 9, Persistence, Storage, and Sharing. The finished application looks like the following screenshot:

You can see the function names (checkboxGroupInput and checkboxInput) as numbered entries on the left-hand side of the panel; for more details, just type ?checkboxGroupInput into the console.

If you're curious about the code, it...

The Gapminder application

Now that we've got the basics, let's build a full application. Before we proceed, note that we will need to install a few packages—tidyverse, gapminder, leaflet, and ggmap. Each can be installed from CRAN (the official R package repository) using the code phrases install.packages("tidyverse"), install.packages("gapminder"), and so on. We will not install ggmap this way, though. At the time of writing, there is a bug in the CRAN version. We'll install the dev version instead, as shown in the following code:

install.packages("devtools")
library(devtools)
devtools::install_github("dkahle/ggmap")

The application is pretty simple to get us started, but it illustrates several important methods and principles in Shiny. It features tabbed output, which allows the user to select different inputs or groups...

Advanced layout features

In this chapter, we have covered the most simple of the layout features in Shiny with the help of the sidebarLayout(), mainPanel(), and tabsetPanel() functions. In later chapters, we will build larger and more complex applications, including dashboards, and make use of more advanced layout features. It is worth pausing here briefly to take a quick look at the other types of layout that are available so that you can think about the best way to implement your own application as we go through the next couple of chapters.

There are essentially two more broad types of layout function that you can use in Shiny. The first uses the layout features of Bootstrap and allows you to precisely define the layout of your application using a grid layout. Essentially, Bootstrap
asks you to define the UI as a series of rows. Each row can be further subdivided into columns...

Summary

In this chapter, we have covered a lot of ground. We've seen that Shiny applications are generally made up of two files: server.R and ui.R. You've learned what each part of the code does, including setting up ui.R with the position and type of inputs and outputs, and setting up server.R with the data processing functions, outputs, and any reactive objects that are required.

The optional exercises have given you a chance to experiment with the code files in this chapter, varying the output types, using different widgets, and reviewing and adjusting their return values as appropriate. You've learned about the default layout in Shiny, sidebarLayout(), as well as the use of mainPanel() and tabsetPanel().

You've also learned about reactive objects and when you might use them. There's more on finely controlling reactivity later in the book.

In the next...

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Key benefits

  • Explore the power of R Shiny to make interactive web applications easily
  • Create engaging user interfaces using elements such as HTML5 shiny tags and Ttabsets
  • Build and deploy your interactive Shiny web application using shinyapps.io

Description

Web Application Development with R Using Shiny helps you become familiar with the complete R Shiny package. The book starts with a quick overview of R and its fundamentals, followed by an exploration of the fundamentals of Shiny and some of the things that it can help you do. You’ll learn about the wide range of widgets and functions within Shiny and how they fit together to make an attractive and easy to use application. Once you have understood the basics, you'll move on to studying more advanced UI features, including how to style apps in detail using the Bootstrap framework or and Shiny's inbuilt layout functions. You'll learn about enhancing Shiny with JavaScript, ranging from adding simple interactivity with JavaScript right through to using JavaScript to enhance the reactivity between your app and the UI. You'll learn more advanced Shiny features of Shiny, such as uploading and downloading data and reports, as well as how to interact with tables and link reactive outputs. Lastly, you'll learn how to deploy Shiny applications over the internet, as well as and how to handle storage and data persistence within Shiny applications, including the use of relational databases. By the end of this book, you'll be ready to create responsive, interactive web applications using the complete R (v 3.4) Shiny (1.1.0) suite.

Who is this book for?

Web Application Development with R Using Shiny is for you if you are interested in creating compelling web applications and interactive data visualization over the web using Shiny. Programming experience with R is required.

What you will learn

  • Harness the power of JavaScript to customize your applications
  • Build dashboards with predefined UI and layouts
  • Engage your users and build better analytics using interactive plots
  • Learn advanced code patterns to make your applications easy to write and maintain.
  • Develop a full understanding of Shiny s UI functions to give you the power to build a wide variety of attractive applications.
  • Store data and interact with databases with Shiny.
  • Learn how to share your Shiny applications
  • Understand reactivity at the conceptual level to build more efficient and robust apps
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Table of Contents

10 Chapters
Beginning R and Shiny Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Shiny First Steps Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Integrating Shiny with HTML Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Mastering Shiny's UI Functions Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Easy JavaScript and Custom JavaScript Functions Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Dashboards Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Power Shiny Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Code Patterns in Shiny Applications Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Persistent Storage and Sharing Shiny Applications Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon Empty star icon 3.8
(4 Ratings)
5 star 50%
4 star 0%
3 star 25%
2 star 25%
1 star 0%
TD Sep 05, 2020
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Das Buch ist als Vertiefung sehr gut geeignet. Gute Kenntnisse von R sollten bereits vorhanden sein. Hervorragend sind die gut strukturierten und erklärten Beispiele. Die Druckqualität der Screenshots könnte besser sein.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
alba1988 Apr 24, 2021
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Muy interesantes para trabajar con fata cience
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Eli Jul 18, 2021
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3
Very very basic. They should have added for beginners in R
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Deep Breath - Fast Run May 30, 2019
Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 2
Not overlapping for quite some portions with the first edition, the book covers information about R/Shiny that seems to be not very practical nor essential. I have basic knowledge on R/Shiny, can write basic apps. This book adds little to my skill. The description of R/Shiny are very limited, a broad range of practical techniques for app constructions are not mentioned.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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