We talked about cryptography and hash functions in the first chapter where we defined what it was:
It is a mathematical function where, knowing the output, it is almost impossible to find the correct input. But knowing the input of the function, it is very easy to find the correct output. This is made possible because a hash function always returns the same output for the same input.
A hash is a result of a mathematical function that is a transformation applied to an input that generates an output. Y = f(x) is a mathematical function where x is the input and Y is the output.
In mathematical terms, we have the following:
"Knowing Y, it is almost impossible to find x. But knowing x, it is very easy to find Y."
The hash function is essential to make information and transactions secured along the blockchain.
There are basic properties around a hash function...
