Creating objects

In this section, we'll discuss common solutions to problems related to object creation. We'll discuss various types of object factories, go through builders, and touch on composites and prototypes. However, we'll take a slightly different approach than the Gang of Four when describing their solutions. They proposed complex, dynamically polymorphic class hierarchies as proper implementations of their patterns. In the C++ world, many patterns can be applied to real-world problems without introducing as many classes and the overhead of dynamic dispatch. That's why in our case, the implementations will be different and in many cases simpler or more performant (although more specialized and less "generic" in the Gang of Four sense). Let's dive right in.