Microservices

Before the term microservice architecture was coined, the concept of service-oriented architecture (SOA) became popular in the 2000s as an early response to the challenges posed by monolithic architectures.

SOA emphasizes encapsulating business functionality into independent services. Each service has a well-defined interface and communicates with other services. Standard protocols such as Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) are used for communication. The principles and concepts formalized in SOA to break down monoliths provided a basis for the future development of microservices.

In 2011, the term microservices was brought up in software architecture workshops as the participants increasingly became aware of the emergence of a new architecture. In 2012, the term microservices was officially decided. James Lewis and Fred George were the major initial contributors to this style.

Around the same time, companies such as Netflix and Amazon were also experimenting with...