GUI test automation patterns

This section will discuss classic unattended test execution, evaluation, and reporting. A human, watching what testers do, might imagine the process as the tool walking through the user journey. Log in, search for a specific product, find it, add it to your cart, check out, and add a fake credit card in a test system. After that, check your emails to see if the order was sent and check the backend systems to make sure the card would be charged and the order would be delivered to the warehouse. This end-to-end test has at least eight major components:

1. A login page
2. A homepage
3. A search function
4. Product display
5. An add-to-cart function
6. Cart view
7. A checkout process
8. Backend inspection

If anything goes wrong, the software will stop. If it fails to log in, the software might work up until checkout, at which point it will render an error. If the search function encounters an error, the software will try to click the product...