Summary

Tests are required to verify software functionality in simulated environments. Software tests should run predictably, isolated, reliably, fast, and in an automated way. In order to enable productive project life cycles, it's important to keep tests maintainable.

Unit tests verify the behavior of individual units of an application, mostly single entity, boundary, or control classes. Component tests verify the behavior of coherent components. Integration tests fulfill the need to verify the interaction of the Java EE components. Database integration tests use embedded databases together with standalone JPA to verify the persistence mapping. System tests verify deployed applications that run on actual environments. Container orchestration heavily supports running system test environments with potential mock applications.

In order to verify functionality before it is pushed to the central repository, engineers need the ability to run tests on their local environment. Changes that contain...