Search icon CANCEL
Subscription
0
Cart icon
Your Cart (0 item)
Close icon
You have no products in your basket yet
Arrow left icon
Explore Products
Best Sellers
New Releases
Books
Videos
Audiobooks
Learning Hub
Free Learning
Arrow right icon
DevOps Paradox
DevOps Paradox

DevOps Paradox: The truth about DevOps by the people on the front line

eBook
$20.98 $29.99
Paperback
$43.99
Subscription
Free Trial
Renews at $19.99p/m

What do you get with Print?

Product feature icon Instant access to your digital eBook copy whilst your Print order is Shipped
Product feature icon Paperback book shipped to your preferred address
Product feature icon Download this book in EPUB and PDF formats
Product feature icon Access this title in our online reader with advanced features
Product feature icon DRM FREE - Read whenever, wherever and however you want
Product feature icon AI Assistant (beta) to help accelerate your learning
OR
Modal Close icon
Payment Processing...
tick Completed

Shipping Address

Billing Address

Shipping Methods
Table of content icon View table of contents Preview book icon Preview Book

DevOps Paradox

What is DevOps?

Viktor Farcic: In your view, what's the meaning of the word "DevOps"? It's as if nobody has a clear idea of what it is, or at least everybody's idea is different. Some say it's about new tools, some claim it's a change in culture, while others associate it with a DevOps engineer role. Some even say the word DevOps doesn't exist. It goes on and on like that as if DevOps is a conspiracy meant to confuse everyone.

Jeff Sussna: For me, the meaning of "DevOps" is right there in the word itself. We have to start thinking about development and operations as part of one larger unified entity. The guiding principle I used to come to that conclusion again returns to this idea of service. The way we deliver service is digitally, and the thing about service is that the way you make it is part of what you make.

If you look at some of the public relations nightmares that have occurred in the airline industry over the last couple...

DevOps in the team environment

Viktor Farcic: I often see the same thing happening, with people saying, "This is my job, but that's not my job." With that being said, how do you prevent this type of thinking if different managers are giving different teams different objectives, especially ones that are not necessarily in line with the global vision because everybody thinks only, as you said, of their part of the puzzle?

Jeff Sussna: The way that I coach teams to do it is by getting them to think of each other as the customers, in the same way that the company thinks about people who pay the money to their customers. The network team has customers, and it's really funny because in DevOps, we engage in this little bit of magical thinking where we're all thinking, "Well, one key component of DevOps is the cloud." The cloud solves a bunch of problems, and I agree with that, but if you think about an AWS, Azure, or Google Cloud Platform, it's the ultimate...

Empathy in DevOps

You've both written and spoken a lot about empathy. I'm not sure whether you coined the term EmpathyOps, but can you elaborate on what you mean by empathy?

Jeff Sussna: There's a lot of confusion and anxiety about its meaning, and a lot of people tend to misunderstand it. Sometimes people think empathy means wallowing in someone else's pain. In fact, there's actually a philosopher from Yale University who is now putting out the idea that empathy is actually bad, and that it's the cause of all of the world's problems and what we need instead is compassion.

From my perspective, that represents a misunderstanding of both empathy and compassion, but my favorite is when people say things like, "Sociopaths are really good at empathizing". My answer to that is, if you have a sociopath in your organization, you have a much bigger problem, and DevOps isn't going to solve it. At that point, you have an HR problem. What you need...

The big DevOps guy versus the little DevOps guy

Jeff Sussna: I'm surprised at how common they are, regardless of the size of the company. For example, pretty much every single client that I've had, regardless of size, has compliance issues.

Maybe they're a start-up, but they're a healthcare start-up, which means they have to deal with HIPAA (The Health Insurance and Accountability Act of 1996); or maybe they process credit cards, which means they have to deal with PCI (Payment Card Industry); or they provide services to the Federal Government, which means they have to comply with FedRAMP, which is as draconian as any of the other compliance rule sets as you can find. Issues about audits, and segregation duties and access control; all of those things are common across my clients, regardless of their size.

"Pretty much every single client that I've had, regardless of size, has compliance issues."

—Jeff Sussna

I see the challenges between...

Changing the culture around DevOps

Viktor Farcic: When you try to change the culture, do you have a plan? I remember someone told me that you could not really predict a complex system; the only thing you can do is poke it and see what comes out.

Jeff Sussna: You're correct in thinking that you can have techniques that you use to introduce people to your system, and then you have to relate to what happens when they interact with those techniques. Everybody is a little bit different.

I teach, and when I do a coaching engagement, I always start with, depending on the size of the organization, anywhere from a week to a month spending a lot of time doing an embedded observation to really understand who and where they are. From there, I start introducing new techniques; whether it be stand-ups, continuous integration, or automated server provisioning, it really doesn't matter.

Then the fun starts when we're introducing Kanban. We're thinking, "That's straightforward...

Agile versus DevOps

Jeff Sussna: DevOps completes the Agile equation. Agile talks a lot about delivering value and working code, but the problem is that by itself, it doesn't actually deliver anything. Instead, Agile kind of stops when you have code that's been written and tested, which nobody can use, so it doesn't do anybody any good.

The reason for that is Agile grew up in the product age when you would take your code, put it on a CD, and send it to your customer, who were the ones responsible for actually deploying and operating it. Those days are pretty much gone now, so that development and operations elements are really part of the same equation. Agile can't actually deliver the value unless that code can be deployed, and that deployment environment can be operated, and the problems can be fixed, including where new code can be deployed, and so on.

I don't think development without operations is meaningful anymore; and again, to clarify, when I say "operations...

Changing the culture around DevOps

Viktor Farcic: When you try to change the culture, do you have a plan? I remember someone told me that you could not really predict a complex system; the only thing you can do is poke it and see what comes out.

Jeff Sussna: You're correct in thinking that you can have techniques that you use to introduce people to your system, and then you have to relate to what happens when they interact with those techniques. Everybody is a little bit different.

I teach, and when I do a coaching engagement, I always start with, depending on the size of the organization, anywhere from a week to a month spending a lot of time doing an embedded observation to really understand who and where they are. From there, I start introducing new techniques; whether it be stand-ups, continuous integration, or automated server provisioning, it really doesn't matter.

Then the fun starts when we're introducing Kanban. We're thinking, "That&apos...

Agile versus DevOps

Jeff Sussna: DevOps completes the Agile equation. Agile talks a lot about delivering value and working code, but the problem is that by itself, it doesn't actually deliver anything. Instead, Agile kind of stops when you have code that's been written and tested, which nobody can use, so it doesn't do anybody any good.

The reason for that is Agile grew up in the product age when you would take your code, put it on a CD, and send it to your customer, who were the ones responsible for actually deploying and operating it. Those days are pretty much gone now, so that development and operations elements are really part of the same equation. Agile can't actually deliver the value unless that code can be deployed, and that deployment environment can be operated, and the problems can be fixed, including where new code can be deployed, and so on.

I don't think development without operations is meaningful anymore; and again, to clarify, when I...

Left arrow icon Right arrow icon

Key benefits

  • Leading DevOps experts share their insights into modern DevOps practice
  • Engage with the real-world challenges of putting DevOps to work
  • Strengthen your DevOps practices now and prepare for future DevOps trends

Description

DevOps promises to break down silos, uniting organizations to deliver high quality output in a cross-functional way. In reality it often results in confusion and new silos: pockets of DevOps practitioners fight the status quo, senior decision-makers demand DevOps paint jobs without committing to true change. Even a clear definition of what DevOps is remains elusive. In DevOps Paradox, top DevOps consultants, industry leaders, and founders reveal their own approaches to all aspects of DevOps implementation and operation. Surround yourself with expert DevOps advisors. Viktor Farcic draws on experts from across the industry to discuss how to introduce DevOps to chaotic organizations, align incentives between teams, and make use of the latest tools and techniques. With each expert offering their own opinions on what DevOps is and how to make it work, you will be able to form your own informed view of the importance and value of DevOps as we enter a new decade. If you want to see how real DevOps experts address the challenges and resolve the paradoxes, this book is for you.

Who is this book for?

Anybody interested in DevOps will gain a lot from this book. If you want to get beyond the simplistic ideals and engage with the deep challenges of putting DevOps to work in the real world, this book is for you.

What you will learn

  • Expert opinions on:
  • Introducing DevOps into real-world, chaotic business environments
  • Deciding between adopting cutting edge tools or sticking with tried-and-tested methods
  • Initiating necessary business change without positional power
  • Managing and overcoming fear of change in DevOps implementations
  • Anticipating future trends in DevOps and how to prepare for them
  • Getting the most from Kubernetes, Docker, Puppet, Chef, and Ansible
  • Creating the right incentives for DevOps success across an organization
  • The impact of new techniques, such as Lambda, serverless, and schedulers, on DevOps practice
Estimated delivery fee Deliver to South Africa

Standard delivery 10 - 13 business days

$12.95

Premium delivery 3 - 6 business days

$34.95
(Includes tracking information)

Product Details

Country selected
Publication date, Length, Edition, Language, ISBN-13
Publication date : Aug 30, 2019
Length: 532 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781789133639
Concepts :
Tools :

What do you get with Print?

Product feature icon Instant access to your digital eBook copy whilst your Print order is Shipped
Product feature icon Paperback book shipped to your preferred address
Product feature icon Download this book in EPUB and PDF formats
Product feature icon Access this title in our online reader with advanced features
Product feature icon DRM FREE - Read whenever, wherever and however you want
Product feature icon AI Assistant (beta) to help accelerate your learning
OR
Modal Close icon
Payment Processing...
tick Completed

Shipping Address

Billing Address

Shipping Methods
Estimated delivery fee Deliver to South Africa

Standard delivery 10 - 13 business days

$12.95

Premium delivery 3 - 6 business days

$34.95
(Includes tracking information)

Product Details

Publication date : Aug 30, 2019
Length: 532 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781789133639
Concepts :
Tools :

Packt Subscriptions

See our plans and pricing
Modal Close icon
$19.99 billed monthly
Feature tick icon Unlimited access to Packt's library of 7,000+ practical books and videos
Feature tick icon Constantly refreshed with 50+ new titles a month
Feature tick icon Exclusive Early access to books as they're written
Feature tick icon Solve problems while you work with advanced search and reference features
Feature tick icon Offline reading on the mobile app
Feature tick icon Simple pricing, no contract
$199.99 billed annually
Feature tick icon Unlimited access to Packt's library of 7,000+ practical books and videos
Feature tick icon Constantly refreshed with 50+ new titles a month
Feature tick icon Exclusive Early access to books as they're written
Feature tick icon Solve problems while you work with advanced search and reference features
Feature tick icon Offline reading on the mobile app
Feature tick icon Choose a DRM-free eBook or Video every month to keep
Feature tick icon PLUS own as many other DRM-free eBooks or Videos as you like for just $5 each
Feature tick icon Exclusive print discounts
$279.99 billed in 18 months
Feature tick icon Unlimited access to Packt's library of 7,000+ practical books and videos
Feature tick icon Constantly refreshed with 50+ new titles a month
Feature tick icon Exclusive Early access to books as they're written
Feature tick icon Solve problems while you work with advanced search and reference features
Feature tick icon Offline reading on the mobile app
Feature tick icon Choose a DRM-free eBook or Video every month to keep
Feature tick icon PLUS own as many other DRM-free eBooks or Videos as you like for just $5 each
Feature tick icon Exclusive print discounts

Frequently bought together


Stars icon
Total $ 137.97
Learning DevOps
$38.99
DevOps with Kubernetes
$54.99
DevOps Paradox
$43.99
Total $ 137.97 Stars icon
Banner background image

Table of Contents

21 Chapters
Introduction Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Jeff Sussna Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Damien Duportal Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Kevin Behr Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Mike Kail Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
James Turnbull Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Liz Keogh Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Julian Simpson Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Andy Clemenko Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chris Riley Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Ádám Sándor Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Júlia Biró Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Damon Edwards Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Kohsuke Kawaguchi Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Sean Hull Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Bret Fisher Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Nirmal Mehta Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Gregory Bledsoe Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Wian Vos Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Packt Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Top Reviews
Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon 4.3
(7 Ratings)
5 star 71.4%
4 star 14.3%
3 star 0%
2 star 0%
1 star 14.3%
Filter icon Filter
Top Reviews

Filter reviews by




Q. Hartman Oct 07, 2019
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
I didn't really know what to expect when I started reading this book, as I have not read any of Viktor Farcic's other work. At first I was skeptical of the value that a series of interviews would provide, but that skepticism was quickly swept away. As a DevOps practitioner for the last 8-ish years, I really enjoyed the stories from others who have walked similar paths and have fought similar battles. Farcic has a knack for asking questions in a way that draws out insightful details, and the conversational quality made for effortless reading. I particularly enjoyed Damon Edwards' discussion about how the misalignment of incentives between how a business historically works and how DevOps asks that business to work leads to problems. That's one of my own soapbox issues that I rarely see people take on explicitly.Tucked inside all these conversations are useful nuggets of wisdom that I think anyone working with software development could get value from. Of course there's a lot that specific to DevOps practices, but there's also lots of Agile, and technology within enterprises in general that I think anyone in the space could put to use.I highly recommend this book. It's entertaining, enlightening, and a delight to read. As another reviewer pointed out, I think it would have benefited from some analysis by the author in picking out common themes or translating some of the stories into actionable recommendations, but even lacking that, there's a lot of value to be gotten here!(Review based on a pre-release copy of the book)
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Denver Oct 24, 2019
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
I've worked with Viktor briefly, as a client, and so he offered me the chance to preview this book. But as is my approach to such things, after reading it, and finding it good, I purchased it for myself using my own money. It IS good. It's a surprisingly real collection of surprisingly real people talking about real things they have done and continue to do, to improve the lives of all of us bound up with this thing we call software development.I say surprising because knowing Viktor as a gifted technologist I was expecting something far more technically focused and this book is not that. It is very focused on the human realities of changing organisations, changing business cultures, changing habits and thus, changing lives. Oh, there's good technical advice in it, but this is not the major concern of the book. I highly recommend it to anyone interested in and/or committed to making ourselves better at what we do, and through what we do, who we are.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Denny Feb 27, 2022
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
I just finished an engagement that I thought their culture was atypical; but after reading DevOps Paradox, realize information silos and tribalism may be the norm. Importantly, I now see the light that organizational change is my business. Before, I decided that it's just too hard when leadership is not involved. Another take away was that Agile was a revolution in software development, but not necessarily an organization, and DevOps really expands similar thinking to operations as well.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Joost van der Griendt Sep 26, 2019
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Many articles, twitter feeds, blog posts, talks, and podcasts make a hot take on DevOps. Few manage to tell a complete story with much nuances of the daily struggles. With the aid of industry veterans and upcoming stars alike, Viktor shows the many faces of this loaded term.In DevOps Paradox, Viktor sheds light on the many non-technical parts usually skipped in his other books. It is a refreshing alternative to the often single opinion pieces found elsewhere. It does miss some of Viktor's typically sharp and uncompromising rhetoric, which some avid readers - such as myself - will miss.Another thing that could have improved the book is a summary or review from Viktor or others of the interviews. Using hindsight commentary to capture some of the broad strokes visible throughout the conversations would have helped.All in all, a solid book with many different takes on a conflated concept. A must-read for anyone who wants to understand what DevOps might mean for other people, hopefully bringing us closer together.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Sean Davis Dec 09, 2019
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
If you're past that part of your life where you asking what DevOps is or what it consists of, you'll find solace in this book. The author compiles an amazing cast of industry experts to share real life stories that resonate with practitioners and those who have been touched by DevOps in various capacities. It's a breath of fresh air compared to most DevOps books who attempt to tell the tale of DevOps form a single minded perspective. In this book, thought diversity reigns supreme and uncovers some of the struggles, challenges and even successes from the common folk. You will appreciate the fact that a great amount of research was done to make the contributing subject matter experts as diverse as possible, each with thier own unique tales to bring to the table.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Get free access to Packt library with over 7500+ books and video courses for 7 days!
Start Free Trial

FAQs

What is the delivery time and cost of print book? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Shipping Details

USA:

'

Economy: Delivery to most addresses in the US within 10-15 business days

Premium: Trackable Delivery to most addresses in the US within 3-8 business days

UK:

Economy: Delivery to most addresses in the U.K. within 7-9 business days.
Shipments are not trackable

Premium: Trackable delivery to most addresses in the U.K. within 3-4 business days!
Add one extra business day for deliveries to Northern Ireland and Scottish Highlands and islands

EU:

Premium: Trackable delivery to most EU destinations within 4-9 business days.

Australia:

Economy: Can deliver to P. O. Boxes and private residences.
Trackable service with delivery to addresses in Australia only.
Delivery time ranges from 7-9 business days for VIC and 8-10 business days for Interstate metro
Delivery time is up to 15 business days for remote areas of WA, NT & QLD.

Premium: Delivery to addresses in Australia only
Trackable delivery to most P. O. Boxes and private residences in Australia within 4-5 days based on the distance to a destination following dispatch.

India:

Premium: Delivery to most Indian addresses within 5-6 business days

Rest of the World:

Premium: Countries in the American continent: Trackable delivery to most countries within 4-7 business days

Asia:

Premium: Delivery to most Asian addresses within 5-9 business days

Disclaimer:
All orders received before 5 PM U.K time would start printing from the next business day. So the estimated delivery times start from the next day as well. Orders received after 5 PM U.K time (in our internal systems) on a business day or anytime on the weekend will begin printing the second to next business day. For example, an order placed at 11 AM today will begin printing tomorrow, whereas an order placed at 9 PM tonight will begin printing the day after tomorrow.


Unfortunately, due to several restrictions, we are unable to ship to the following countries:

  1. Afghanistan
  2. American Samoa
  3. Belarus
  4. Brunei Darussalam
  5. Central African Republic
  6. The Democratic Republic of Congo
  7. Eritrea
  8. Guinea-bissau
  9. Iran
  10. Lebanon
  11. Libiya Arab Jamahriya
  12. Somalia
  13. Sudan
  14. Russian Federation
  15. Syrian Arab Republic
  16. Ukraine
  17. Venezuela
What is custom duty/charge? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customs duty are charges levied on goods when they cross international borders. It is a tax that is imposed on imported goods. These duties are charged by special authorities and bodies created by local governments and are meant to protect local industries, economies, and businesses.

Do I have to pay customs charges for the print book order? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

The orders shipped to the countries that are listed under EU27 will not bear custom charges. They are paid by Packt as part of the order.

List of EU27 countries: www.gov.uk/eu-eea:

A custom duty or localized taxes may be applicable on the shipment and would be charged by the recipient country outside of the EU27 which should be paid by the customer and these duties are not included in the shipping charges been charged on the order.

How do I know my custom duty charges? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

The amount of duty payable varies greatly depending on the imported goods, the country of origin and several other factors like the total invoice amount or dimensions like weight, and other such criteria applicable in your country.

For example:

  • If you live in Mexico, and the declared value of your ordered items is over $ 50, for you to receive a package, you will have to pay additional import tax of 19% which will be $ 9.50 to the courier service.
  • Whereas if you live in Turkey, and the declared value of your ordered items is over € 22, for you to receive a package, you will have to pay additional import tax of 18% which will be € 3.96 to the courier service.
How can I cancel my order? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Cancellation Policy for Published Printed Books:

You can cancel any order within 1 hour of placing the order. Simply contact [email protected] with your order details or payment transaction id. If your order has already started the shipment process, we will do our best to stop it. However, if it is already on the way to you then when you receive it, you can contact us at [email protected] using the returns and refund process.

Please understand that Packt Publishing cannot provide refunds or cancel any order except for the cases described in our Return Policy (i.e. Packt Publishing agrees to replace your printed book because it arrives damaged or material defect in book), Packt Publishing will not accept returns.

What is your returns and refunds policy? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Return Policy:

We want you to be happy with your purchase from Packtpub.com. We will not hassle you with returning print books to us. If the print book you receive from us is incorrect, damaged, doesn't work or is unacceptably late, please contact Customer Relations Team on [email protected] with the order number and issue details as explained below:

  1. If you ordered (eBook, Video or Print Book) incorrectly or accidentally, please contact Customer Relations Team on [email protected] within one hour of placing the order and we will replace/refund you the item cost.
  2. Sadly, if your eBook or Video file is faulty or a fault occurs during the eBook or Video being made available to you, i.e. during download then you should contact Customer Relations Team within 14 days of purchase on [email protected] who will be able to resolve this issue for you.
  3. You will have a choice of replacement or refund of the problem items.(damaged, defective or incorrect)
  4. Once Customer Care Team confirms that you will be refunded, you should receive the refund within 10 to 12 working days.
  5. If you are only requesting a refund of one book from a multiple order, then we will refund you the appropriate single item.
  6. Where the items were shipped under a free shipping offer, there will be no shipping costs to refund.

On the off chance your printed book arrives damaged, with book material defect, contact our Customer Relation Team on [email protected] within 14 days of receipt of the book with appropriate evidence of damage and we will work with you to secure a replacement copy, if necessary. Please note that each printed book you order from us is individually made by Packt's professional book-printing partner which is on a print-on-demand basis.

What tax is charged? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Currently, no tax is charged on the purchase of any print book (subject to change based on the laws and regulations). A localized VAT fee is charged only to our European and UK customers on eBooks, Video and subscriptions that they buy. GST is charged to Indian customers for eBooks and video purchases.

What payment methods can I use? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

You can pay with the following card types:

  1. Visa Debit
  2. Visa Credit
  3. MasterCard
  4. PayPal
What is the delivery time and cost of print books? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Shipping Details

USA:

'

Economy: Delivery to most addresses in the US within 10-15 business days

Premium: Trackable Delivery to most addresses in the US within 3-8 business days

UK:

Economy: Delivery to most addresses in the U.K. within 7-9 business days.
Shipments are not trackable

Premium: Trackable delivery to most addresses in the U.K. within 3-4 business days!
Add one extra business day for deliveries to Northern Ireland and Scottish Highlands and islands

EU:

Premium: Trackable delivery to most EU destinations within 4-9 business days.

Australia:

Economy: Can deliver to P. O. Boxes and private residences.
Trackable service with delivery to addresses in Australia only.
Delivery time ranges from 7-9 business days for VIC and 8-10 business days for Interstate metro
Delivery time is up to 15 business days for remote areas of WA, NT & QLD.

Premium: Delivery to addresses in Australia only
Trackable delivery to most P. O. Boxes and private residences in Australia within 4-5 days based on the distance to a destination following dispatch.

India:

Premium: Delivery to most Indian addresses within 5-6 business days

Rest of the World:

Premium: Countries in the American continent: Trackable delivery to most countries within 4-7 business days

Asia:

Premium: Delivery to most Asian addresses within 5-9 business days

Disclaimer:
All orders received before 5 PM U.K time would start printing from the next business day. So the estimated delivery times start from the next day as well. Orders received after 5 PM U.K time (in our internal systems) on a business day or anytime on the weekend will begin printing the second to next business day. For example, an order placed at 11 AM today will begin printing tomorrow, whereas an order placed at 9 PM tonight will begin printing the day after tomorrow.


Unfortunately, due to several restrictions, we are unable to ship to the following countries:

  1. Afghanistan
  2. American Samoa
  3. Belarus
  4. Brunei Darussalam
  5. Central African Republic
  6. The Democratic Republic of Congo
  7. Eritrea
  8. Guinea-bissau
  9. Iran
  10. Lebanon
  11. Libiya Arab Jamahriya
  12. Somalia
  13. Sudan
  14. Russian Federation
  15. Syrian Arab Republic
  16. Ukraine
  17. Venezuela