What is XAI?

XAI is a recent field of study that deals with designing AI models that are easier to understand. The need for such a field arose from the fact that, in recent years, there has been a move toward statistical AI since the results obtained from such a system were incredible, not only on a par with humans in most instances but also reaching super-human levels in various applications. Unfortunately, since statistical approaches use probabilities, even though superior, the resulting model is rather hard to read. As such, it is difficult to interpret its correctness in all cases.

For example, if tasked with creating a loan application system, we might devise a set of rules similar to those displayed in Figure 4.1:

Figure 4.1: Rule-based loan application process

These rules are easy to understand, even for someone who is not computer literate. These are usually called rule-based systems, which fall under the symbolic AI paradigms. However...