The DNS protocol, behavior, and data structure

In this section, we will talk about DNS architecture in depth, the functioning of the DNS protocol, various types of DNS servers and services, and public and private DNS servers. So, let’s first understand what DNS is and how it works.

The DNS protocol

DNS is one of the most important and integral parts of network communications on the internet, which resolves domain names to IP addresses.

Let’s try to understand this with an example – consider the DNS protocol like a telephone directory where, against each name, there is a phone number and other details mapped. Similarly, in DNS, against each IP address, there is a domain name that is mapped, each mapping is called the DNS record, and the file that contains all the DNS resource records is known as the zone file.

Now, we know that the internet is huge, and hence maintaining a centralized record is nearly impossible. Therefore, these records are further...