Search icon CANCEL
Subscription
0
Cart icon
Your Cart (0 item)
Close icon
You have no products in your basket yet
Save more on your purchases! discount-offer-chevron-icon
Savings automatically calculated. No voucher code required.
Arrow left icon
Explore Products
Best Sellers
New Releases
Books
Videos
Audiobooks
Learning Hub
Free Learning
Arrow right icon
R for Data Science
R for Data Science

R for Data Science: Learn and explore the fundamentals of data science with R

eBook
₱579.99 ₱2245.99
Paperback
₱2806.99
Subscription
Free Trial

What do you get with a Packt Subscription?

Free for first 7 days. $19.99 p/m after that. Cancel any time!
Product feature icon Unlimited ad-free access to the largest independent learning library in tech. Access this title and thousands more!
Product feature icon 50+ new titles added per month, including many first-to-market concepts and exclusive early access to books as they are being written.
Product feature icon Innovative learning tools, including AI book assistants, code context explainers, and text-to-speech.
Product feature icon Thousands of reference materials covering every tech concept you need to stay up to date.
Subscribe now
View plans & pricing
Table of content icon View table of contents Preview book icon Preview Book

R for Data Science

Chapter 2. Data Mining Sequences

Data mining is frequently used to detect sequences or patterns in data. In this chapter, we are looking for the data to follow a pattern where one event or series of events predicts another data point in a consistent manner.

This chapter describes the different ways to find patterns in your dataset:

  • Patterns to look for
  • Find patterns in data
  • Constraints

We can find patterns in many large datasets. This can range across a number of areas, such as population mix changes, frequency of cell phone use, deterioration of highways, accidents due to age, and so on. It really feels like there are many patterns and sequences just waiting to be discovered.

We can find these patterns using a number of tools in R programming. Most patterns are limited in their extent by constraints, such as time over which the sequence will be meaningful.

Patterns

We will go over several methods of determining patterns in data:

Type of model

How the model works

eclat

This model is used for itemset pattern detection, often used for shopping carts

arules

This model determines the co-occurrence of items in a dataset

apriori

This model learns the association rules in a dataset

TraMineR

This is an R package for mining sequences

Eclat

The Eclat algorithm is used for frequent itemset mining. In this case, we are looking for similar patterns in behavior, as opposed to looking for irregularities (like we did in other data mining approaches).

This algorithm uses intersections in the data to compute the support of candidates for events that frequently occur together, such as shopping cart items. The frequent candidates are then tested to confirm the pattern in the dataset.

Usage

Eclat is used in R programming with the eclat function in the arules package. The R programming usage of the Eclat algorithm follows this convention:

> eclat...

Questions

Factual

  • How will you exclude white people from the eclat results?
  • Describe the different transitions that occur in the sequence plots.
  • In the TraMineRmvad data summary, there are marked differences in regional responses. Can you guess why?

When, how, and why?

  • Describe what is going on with the few outliers in seqiplot. There are several data points that don't seem to fit.
  • What would be going on in the data presented in seqHtplot when the line curves upward?
  • How will you apply the sequence finding routines discussed?

Challenges

  • Determine what the item numbers represent in the market basket data.
  • The TraMineR package includes much more than what was covered in this chapter. You could investigate the additional functionality further.

Summary

In this chapter, we discussed different methods of determining patterns in data. We found patterns in a dataset using the eclat function looking for similar patterns in a population. We used a TraMineR to find frequent sets of items in a market basket. We used apriori rules to determine associations among items in a market basket. We used TraMineR to determine sequences of career transition among adults and visualized the same with extensive graphics features available for sequence data. Finally, we examined the similarities and differences between the sequences using seqdist.

In the next chapter, we will cover text mining or examining datasets that are text-based, rather than numerical or categorical.

Left arrow icon Right arrow icon

Description

If you are a data analyst who has a firm grip on some advanced data analysis techniques and wants to learn how to leverage the features of R, this is the book for you. You should have some basic knowledge of the R language and should know about some data science topics.

What you will learn

  • Develop, execute, and modify R scripts
  • Learn how to use different data mining sequences
  • Find out how to organize your data effectively
  • Produce highquality data visualizations
  • Get to grips with a number of approaches to the statistical analysis of data
  • Learn how to cultivate a strategic approach to your data to use the right tools, models and visualizations to get the job done

Product Details

Country selected
Publication date, Length, Edition, Language, ISBN-13
Publication date : Dec 24, 2014
Length: 364 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781784390860
Category :
Languages :
Concepts :

What do you get with a Packt Subscription?

Free for first 7 days. $19.99 p/m after that. Cancel any time!
Product feature icon Unlimited ad-free access to the largest independent learning library in tech. Access this title and thousands more!
Product feature icon 50+ new titles added per month, including many first-to-market concepts and exclusive early access to books as they are being written.
Product feature icon Innovative learning tools, including AI book assistants, code context explainers, and text-to-speech.
Product feature icon Thousands of reference materials covering every tech concept you need to stay up to date.
Subscribe now
View plans & pricing

Product Details

Publication date : Dec 24, 2014
Length: 364 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781784390860
Category :
Languages :
Concepts :

Packt Subscriptions

See our plans and pricing
Modal Close icon
$19.99 billed monthly
Feature tick icon Unlimited access to Packt's library of 7,000+ practical books and videos
Feature tick icon Constantly refreshed with 50+ new titles a month
Feature tick icon Exclusive Early access to books as they're written
Feature tick icon Solve problems while you work with advanced search and reference features
Feature tick icon Offline reading on the mobile app
Feature tick icon Simple pricing, no contract
$199.99 billed annually
Feature tick icon Unlimited access to Packt's library of 7,000+ practical books and videos
Feature tick icon Constantly refreshed with 50+ new titles a month
Feature tick icon Exclusive Early access to books as they're written
Feature tick icon Solve problems while you work with advanced search and reference features
Feature tick icon Offline reading on the mobile app
Feature tick icon Choose a DRM-free eBook or Video every month to keep
Feature tick icon PLUS own as many other DRM-free eBooks or Videos as you like for just ₱260 each
Feature tick icon Exclusive print discounts
$279.99 billed in 18 months
Feature tick icon Unlimited access to Packt's library of 7,000+ practical books and videos
Feature tick icon Constantly refreshed with 50+ new titles a month
Feature tick icon Exclusive Early access to books as they're written
Feature tick icon Solve problems while you work with advanced search and reference features
Feature tick icon Offline reading on the mobile app
Feature tick icon Choose a DRM-free eBook or Video every month to keep
Feature tick icon PLUS own as many other DRM-free eBooks or Videos as you like for just ₱260 each
Feature tick icon Exclusive print discounts

Frequently bought together


Stars icon
Total 7,859.97
Python Data Science Essentials
₱2245.99
R for Data Science
₱2806.99
Python Data Analysis
₱2806.99
Total 7,859.97 Stars icon
Banner background image

Table of Contents

13 Chapters
1. Data Mining Patterns Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2. Data Mining Sequences Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3. Text Mining Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
4. Data Analysis – Regression Analysis Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
5. Data Analysis – Correlation Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
6. Data Analysis – Clustering Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
7. Data Visualization – R Graphics Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
8. Data Visualization – Plotting Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
9. Data Visualization – 3D Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
10. Machine Learning in Action Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
11. Predicting Events with Machine Learning Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
12. Supervised and Unsupervised Learning Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon Empty star icon 3.4
(5 Ratings)
5 star 60%
4 star 0%
3 star 0%
2 star 0%
1 star 40%
Luis Jose Muãiz Rascado Apr 23, 2016
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
excelent issue!!!!
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Ketan Jan 29, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Recently completed reading this book on my kindle! To be honest, I judged the book by its cover when it says “Learn and explore the fundamentals of data science with R,” I believed it. This book covers various cluster analysis, data mining, regression and graphics and much more. The highlight of the book for me was its section “Machine Learning in Action.”Though I will be going through the book again to find out details I must have missed, but on an overview, I can say that this will be an important book in my kindle library. I realised it is not wrong to judge the book by its cover.A must read for all data scientists!
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Akshul Agarwal Jan 29, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
I recently purchased two books from Packt Publishing, R Object Oriented Programming and this one, R for data sciences. The authors seem to have a thorough understanding of the topics and moreover have a knack for keeping the content so simplistic that even beginners would eventually find their path to understand the topic with ease. As the description suggests, the purpose of the book is to explore the core topics that a person interested in R would want to read about. The content of the book was indeed what I have been looking for. This book draws from an extensive assortment of data sources and works on the data using very easily available R functions and packages over the web.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Amazon Customer Oct 19, 2017
Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 1
Terrible book. There are topics that are presented multiple times on the book, independently. It limits itself to a copy paste of the input and output parameters of some data science methods, without giving any explanations and with multiple errors.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Logan Sep 02, 2015
Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 1
"From the results, we can see R-squared of close to 0 and p-value almost 1; this is a very good fit." (p. 309)This is a direct quote from this book. When you can't understand the most basic aspect of linear regression you have no business selling a book on "data science." Run away, run very far away and download something like the free Introduction to Statistical Learning if you really want to learn R and the basics of data science.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Get free access to Packt library with over 7500+ books and video courses for 7 days!
Start Free Trial

FAQs

What is included in a Packt subscription? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

A subscription provides you with full access to view all Packt and licnesed content online, this includes exclusive access to Early Access titles. Depending on the tier chosen you can also earn credits and discounts to use for owning content

How can I cancel my subscription? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

To cancel your subscription with us simply go to the account page - found in the top right of the page or at https://subscription.packtpub.com/my-account/subscription - From here you will see the ‘cancel subscription’ button in the grey box with your subscription information in.

What are credits? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Credits can be earned from reading 40 section of any title within the payment cycle - a month starting from the day of subscription payment. You also earn a Credit every month if you subscribe to our annual or 18 month plans. Credits can be used to buy books DRM free, the same way that you would pay for a book. Your credits can be found in the subscription homepage - subscription.packtpub.com - clicking on ‘the my’ library dropdown and selecting ‘credits’.

What happens if an Early Access Course is cancelled? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Projects are rarely cancelled, but sometimes it's unavoidable. If an Early Access course is cancelled or excessively delayed, you can exchange your purchase for another course. For further details, please contact us here.

Where can I send feedback about an Early Access title? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

If you have any feedback about the product you're reading, or Early Access in general, then please fill out a contact form here and we'll make sure the feedback gets to the right team. 

Can I download the code files for Early Access titles? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

We try to ensure that all books in Early Access have code available to use, download, and fork on GitHub. This helps us be more agile in the development of the book, and helps keep the often changing code base of new versions and new technologies as up to date as possible. Unfortunately, however, there will be rare cases when it is not possible for us to have downloadable code samples available until publication.

When we publish the book, the code files will also be available to download from the Packt website.

How accurate is the publication date? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

The publication date is as accurate as we can be at any point in the project. Unfortunately, delays can happen. Often those delays are out of our control, such as changes to the technology code base or delays in the tech release. We do our best to give you an accurate estimate of the publication date at any given time, and as more chapters are delivered, the more accurate the delivery date will become.

How will I know when new chapters are ready? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

We'll let you know every time there has been an update to a course that you've bought in Early Access. You'll get an email to let you know there has been a new chapter, or a change to a previous chapter. The new chapters are automatically added to your account, so you can also check back there any time you're ready and download or read them online.

I am a Packt subscriber, do I get Early Access? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Yes, all Early Access content is fully available through your subscription. You will need to have a paid for or active trial subscription in order to access all titles.

How is Early Access delivered? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Early Access is currently only available as a PDF or through our online reader. As we make changes or add new chapters, the files in your Packt account will be updated so you can download them again or view them online immediately.

How do I buy Early Access content? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Early Access is a way of us getting our content to you quicker, but the method of buying the Early Access course is still the same. Just find the course you want to buy, go through the check-out steps, and you’ll get a confirmation email from us with information and a link to the relevant Early Access courses.

What is Early Access? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Keeping up to date with the latest technology is difficult; new versions, new frameworks, new techniques. This feature gives you a head-start to our content, as it's being created. With Early Access you'll receive each chapter as it's written, and get regular updates throughout the product's development, as well as the final course as soon as it's ready.We created Early Access as a means of giving you the information you need, as soon as it's available. As we go through the process of developing a course, 99% of it can be ready but we can't publish until that last 1% falls in to place. Early Access helps to unlock the potential of our content early, to help you start your learning when you need it most. You not only get access to every chapter as it's delivered, edited, and updated, but you'll also get the finalized, DRM-free product to download in any format you want when it's published. As a member of Packt, you'll also be eligible for our exclusive offers, including a free course every day, and discounts on new and popular titles.