Sensitivity and how to how to interpret biological data analysis

One of the most important aspects of any biostatistical analysis is performing the sensitivity analysis. In fact FDA, the top regulatory body for Drugs in United States, defined a framework on how to conduct this very important segment of research. You may find the document here, https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/e9r1-statistical-principles-clinical-trials-addendum-estimands-and-sensitivity-analysis-clinical.

But, what is the sensitivity analysis? In fact there are many types of sensitivity analysis. Sensitivity is all about evaluating how sensitive the analysis is in terms of some assumption, method variable or even segment of the study. Generally the topics defined by the FDA are the most important ones and are relevant to the assumption and methodological sensitivity.

As you have probably seen so far in the book, most methods in statistics come with specific assumptions...